Alkene transition-metal catalyzed polymerizations

Kaminsky W (1983) In Quirk RP (ed) Transition metal catalyzed polymerizations -alkenes and dienes, vol 4. Harwood, New York, p 225... 

Kaminsky, W., in Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerization Alkenes and Dienes, Harwood Academic Publishers, New York, 1981, p. 225. 

Kaminsky W (1981) in Quirk RP (ed.) Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerizations, Alkenes... 

R. P. Nielsen, in Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerizations. Alkenes and Dienes, R. P. Quirk, Ed., Harwood, Chur, 1983, p. 47. 

Horne, S., 1983. In Quirk, R.P. (Ed.), Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerizations Alkenes and Dienes. Harwood, New York, p. 527. 

R. P. Quirk, ed.. Transition metal catalyzed polymerizations. Alkenes and dienes., Harwood Academic Publ., Chur 1983. 

The insertions of alkynes into metal-carbon bonds are thermodynamically more favored than the insertions of olefins into metal-carbon bonds because the cleavage of one carbon-carbon TT-bond in an alk3me requires less energy than the cleavage of the C-C n-bond in an olefin and the sp -C-M bond in the product of alkyne insertion is stronger than the sp -C-M bond in the product of alkene insertion. The insertions of alkynes into the vinyl complexes that result from alkyne insertion are also favored thermodynamically. Thus, multiple insertions of alkynes to form polyacetylenes, just like the multiple insertions of alkenes to form polyolefins, are knoivn. Because of the conducting properties of polyacetylenes, the transition-metal-catalyzed polymerization of alkynes to form polyacetylenes has been studied. ... 

T. Keii, E. Suzuki, M. Tamura, Y. Doi, in "Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerization Alkenes and Dienes, Part A", Ed. R. 

Kashlwa,N. in "Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerization Alkenes and Dienes" ( R.P. Quirk, ed.), Harwood Acad. Publ., New York, 1983, p.379. 

Ouyang, Jun, Fosong Wang and Baotong Huang, 1983, in Transition-metal-catalyzed Polymerization (Alkenes and Dienes) Part A, eds R.P. Quirk et al. (Harwood, New York) p. 265. 

TJ Pullukat, M Shida, RE Hoff In RP Quirk, ed. Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerizations Alkenes and Dienes. New York Harwood Academic, 1983, pp 697-712. 

For comprehensive reviews of transition-metal-catalyzed alkene polymerization, see Chem. 

Mixtures of Ni and Co salts with organoaluminum reagents catalyze the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene, whereas these catalysts are not effective for alkene polymerization due to facile chain transfer by /1-hydrogen elimination of the growing polymer. The polymerization of 1,3-butadiene usually proceeds via the intermediate n-allyl complexes, which are more stable than the alkyl metal complexes and hardly cause any /1-hydrogen elimination [56]. The late transition metal compounds polymerize 1,3-butadiene even in... 

An analogous scheme can be advanced to rationalize the stereospecificity with which alkyl migration proceeds in metal alkyl-transition metal-catalyzed alkene oligomerization and polymerization reactions such as Ziegler-Natta polymerization and alkene metathesis. " ... 

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