Alkanoic 2,2-dichloro

Cleavage of the ether linkage of the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyalkanoic acids by a strain of Flavobacterium to yield the intact alkanoic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenol has also been observed (34,35). The intact alkanoic acid is further metabolized by beta oxidation. The bacterium produced the free fatty acid corresponding to the aliphatic moieties of six omega-linked dichlorophenoxyalkanoic acids in the series from 3-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy) propionic acid to 8-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)octanoic acid. 

Nitro compounds are also able to be reduced by stannanes under free-radical conditions. For example, Kitayama described the reduction of the nitro moiety in 74 by the action of BubSuH during his preparation of pheromones for Bactrocera Nigrotibialis, Andrem Wilkella and Andrena Haemorrhoa (equation 47). Petrini and coworkers reported the selective reduction of the nitro group in a series of ft), ft)-dichloro-ft)-alkanoates (75) it is interesting to note that the chlorine atoms remain intact during the reaction with Bu3SnH (equation 48). Witczak and coworkers described the reduction of substrate (76)... 

Alk-3-enoic acids, however, underwent smooth addition of dichlorocarbene using chloroform/ base/phase-transfer catalyst, even in the absence of the catalyst the yields of 2-(2,2-dichloro-cyclopropyl)alkanoic acids 2 were generally high. When following the procedure, chloroform must be added slowly to the mixture. 

Conjugated esters. Active Mn is prepared from MnCl2 via Li2MnCl4 and treating the latter with Li and 2-phenylpyridine. The active metal promotes reaction of 2,2-dichloro-alkanoic esters with aldehydes to furnish conjugated esters. ... 

Avedis, G. Roux, A. H. Grolier, J.-P. E. Excess enthalpies of normal alkanoates (C3-C5) + some monochlotoalkanes or +. alpha,.omega.-dichloro anes Int. DATA Ser., Set. Data Mixtures, Ser. A 1990,18,1-25... 

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