Alkane-alkene coupling

Scheme 61 Tandem catalyzed alkane/alkene coupling...

I 5 Anodic Reactions of Alkanes, Alkenes, and Aromatic Compounds Tab. 12 Anodic coupling of arylethers... 

Ranu, B.C. and Hajra, A., Synthesis of alkyl-substituted pyrroles by three-component coupling of carbonyl compound, amine and nitro-alkane/alkene on a solid surface of silica gel/alumina under microwave irradiation, Tetrahedron, 2001, 57, 4767-4773. 

Also important is the use of the modem chromatographic methods to separate and identify individual components in commercial cmde shale oil. The use of efficient gas chromatographic columns coupled with ancillary techniques such as mass spectrometry and vapor-phase IR spectroscopy allows the identification of individual shale oil components. A principal part of this study is the comparison of diflFerent types of open tubular columns for the separation of the alkane-alkene fraction of shale oil WCOT, SCOT, and PLOT columns are examined. Gas chromatographic separation of shale oil acids and bases also is performed allowing the identification of these components. The potential utility of subtractive pre-columns in HPLC analysis is illustrated also. 

The fate of the alkyl radicals produced under these conditions is a function of the nature of R. If R is an aralkyl, such as benzyl, coupling occurs to give mostly dimers in fact, preparative coupling of aralkyl halides by >j -Cp2V has been demonstrated . It appears that alkanes, alkenes, and H2 form if R is aliphatic and j -hydrogen atoms are available - . 

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