Phenylalanine alkaloids derived from

Feeding deterrent in bees Alkaloids derived from phenylalanine/tyrosine 0.008% 152... 

Alkaloids derived from phenylalanine Sanguinarine Papaver bracteatum Fungal elicitor CC 466.467... 

Fig. 25 Simple alkaloids derived from phenylalanine and tyrosine.

As described previously, the origins of the three types of curare are the extracts of Chondodendron (Menispermaceae) and/or Strychnos (Loganiaceae) plants. Among them, the toxic components of Strychnos plants are C-curarine and C-toxiferine I, etc.These constituents are alkaloids derived from tryptophan and are described in the next (Section 2.15).The C- is the initial of calabash. On the other hand, the toxic principle of tubocu-rare is d-tubocurarine, an alkaloid derived from phenylalanine. The alkaloid was first isolated as a hydrochloride from tubocurare and is preserved in the Museum of the British Society of Pharmacy [1]. The chemical structure of d-tubocurarine was first proposed as a bisbenzylisoquinoline with two quaternary ammonium moieties. This was revised in 1970 to be the structure with one tertiary and one quaternary amine after X-ray crystallographic analysis [2]. 

In this chapter, ephedrine and related alkaloids, the khat alkaloids (which are related to the ephedrines), and two other types of alkaloids are described. One of them is the naphthalene-isoquinoline alkaloids, which are described in Section 16.3.These alkaloids might also be classified as alkaloids derived from phenylalanine because they possess an isoquinoline skeleton. However, an extra Cj unit has been joined to the carbon to which the nitrogen is attached, as occurs in the case of ephedrine. Therefore, it is considered that the formation of these alkaloids might involve a biosynthetic pathway not utilizing phenylalanine. The other alkaloids are capsaicin and related alkaloids, which are described in Section 16.4. 

Fodor, G. B., Alkaloids derived from phenylalanine and tyrosine, in Secondary Plant Products (E. A. Bell and B. V. Charlwood, eds.), 92-127, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1980. 

Alkaloids derived from phenylalanine/tyrosine Antofine and related alk. Cynanchum sp. 

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