Aldicarb sulfone

Experiments with aldicarb sulfone in ground beef involved simple extraction with acetonitrile during tissue homogenization and resulted in a definite immunoassay response at the tolerance level of 10 qg kg A moderate, but rather consistent, matrix effect was observed. A more severe matrix effect was observed in bovine milk, blood, and urine. For the liquid matrices, sample dilution was not a satisfactory strategy, because the assay variability increased at lower concentrations, negating any benefit of reducing the matrix effect. This work clearly demonsttated that matrix effects are... 

In this study, the preliminary findings showed that the HPLC/fluorescence data were in agreement for all 12 carbamates with HPLC/ESI-MS/MS for most of the nine fruits and vegetables at the 1.0 ng g fortification level. The recoveries were generally within 70-120% however, at the 1.0 ng g level in each commodity, HPLC/ESI-MS (single-stage MS) had difficulty with interferences for three out of the 12 carbamate pesticides (aldicarb sulfoxide, aldicarb sulfone, and 3-hydroxycarbofuran), which made quantification impossible for these three compounds. 

Aldicarb nitrile, see Aldicarb Aldicarb nitrile sulfone, see Aldicarb Aldicarb nitrile sulfoxide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb oxime, see Aldicarb Aldicarb oxime sulfone, see Aldicarb Aldicarb oxime sulfoxide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone acid, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone alcohol, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone aldehyde, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone amide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfone oxime, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide acid, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide alcohol, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide aldehyde, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide amide, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide nitrile, see Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide oxime, see Aldicarb Aldrin, see Dieldrin Aldrin diol, see Aldrin Alkyl hydroperoxides, see Acetaldehyde Allyl alcohol, see Allyl chloride, l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-Dichloropropane Allylbenzene, see Isopropylbenzene p-(2-Atnino-3-nitrophenyl)glucopyranoside, see 2-Nitroaniline Allyl chloride, see Allyl alcohol, l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-Dichloropropane 2-Aminobenzimidazole, see Benomvl... 

Rajagopal et al. (1984) used numerous compounds to develop a proposed pathway of degradation of aldicarb in soil. These compounds included aldicarb oxime, A-hydroxymethyl aldicarb, A-hydroxymethyl aldicarb sulfoxide, A-demethyl aldicarb sulfoxide, A-demethyl aldicarb sulfone, aldicarb sulfoxide, aldicarb sulfone, A-hydroxymethyl aldicarb sulfone, aldicarb oxime sulfone, aldicarb sulfone aldehyde, aldicarb sulfone alcohol, aldicarb nitrile sulfone, aldicarb sulfone amide, aldicarb sulfone acid, aldicarb oxime sulfoxide, aldicarb sulfoxide aldehyde, aldicarb sulfoxide alcohol, aldicarb nitrile sulfoxide, aldicarb sulfoxide amide, aldicarb sulfoxide acid, elemental sulfur, carbon dioxide, and water. Mineralization was more rapid in aerobic surface soils than in either aerobic or anaerobic subsurface soils. In surface soils (30 cm depth) under aerobic conditions, half-lives ranged from 20 to 361 d. In subsurface soils (20 and 183 cm depths), half-lives under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were 131-233 and 223-1,130 d, respectively (Ou et al, 1985). The reported half-lives in soil ranged from approximately 70 d (Jury et ah, 1987) to several months (Jones et al, 1986). Bromilow et al. (1980) reported the half-life for aldicarb in soil to be 9.9 d at 15 °C and pH 6.34-7.0. 

Groundwater. In Florida groundwater, aldicarb was converted to aldicarb sulfoxide under aerobic conditions. Conversely, under anaerobic conditions (pH 7.7), oxidative metabolites (aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone) reverted back to the parent compound (aldicarb). Half-lives in unfiltered and filtered groundwater were 635 and 62 d, respectively (Miles and Delfino, 1985). In sterile anaerobic groundwater at pH 8.2, aldicarb slowly hydrolyzed to the aldicarb oxime. In a microorganism-enriched groundwater at pH 6.8, aldicarb rapidly degraded to... 

Aldicarb degrades rapidly in the chlorination of drinking water forming aldicarb sulfoxide which subsequently degrades to aldicarb sulfone, (chloromethyl)sulfonyl species and A-chloro-aldicarb sulfoxide (Miles, 1991). 

Hansen, J.L. and Spiegel, M.H. Hydrolysis studies of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 2(2) 147-153, 1983. 

Miles, C.J. Degradation of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone in chlorinated water, Environ. Sci Technol, 25(10) 1774-1779, 1991. 

Base hydrolysis kinetic data are reported for ppb solutions of carbofuran,3-OH carbofuran, methomyl and oxamyl. The results are compared with those reported previously for aldicarb, aldlcarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone. Second order reaction rate constants, k, have been calculated and range from 169 liter mln mole for oxamyl to 1.15 liter mln mole for aldicarb. The order for rate of base hydrolysis is as follows oxamyl >3-hydroxycarbofuran >aldicarb sulfone v- carbofuran >aldicarb sulfoxide > methomyl -v aldicarb. The activation energy for the base hydrolysis of carbofuran was measured to be 15.1 +0.1 kcal mole , and is similar to the value previously reported for aldicarb sulfone. Rapid detoxification of aldicarb, a representative oxime carbamate pesticide, by in situ hydrolysis on reactive ion exchange beds is reported. 

The first objective has been accomplished by the development of an HPLC procedure as reported by Spalik et al. ( 5) and GC/NPD procedures developed by Lemley and Zhong ( ). The second and third objectives are being accomplished by fundamental solution studies and reactive ion exchange experiments conducted in parallel. Lemley and Zhong (7) determined recently the solution kinetics data for base hydrolysis of aldicarb and its oxidative metabolites at ppm concentrations and for acid hydrolysis of aldicarb sulfone. They have since ( ) reported similar results for ppb solutions of aldicarb and its metabolites. In addition, the effect on base hydrolysis of temperature and chlorination was studied and the effect of using actual well water as compared to distilled water was determined. Similar base hydrolysis data for carbofuran, methomyl and oxamyl will be presented in this work. 

SS Yang, Y Smetena. Determination of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone in tobacco using high-performance liquid chromatography with dual post-reaction and fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 664 289-294, 1994. 

JA Itak, Y Selisker, DP Herzog. Development and evaluation of a magnetic particle based enzyme immunoassay for aldicarb, aldicarb sulfone and aldicarb sulfoxide. Chemosphere 24 11-21, 1992. 

Lemley, A.T., Zhong, W.Z. (1983) Kinetics of aqueous base and acid hydrolysis of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone. J. Environ. Sci. Health B18, 189-206. 

Parathion to paraoxon 218X Phorate to phorate sulfoxide 6X Phorate to phorate sulfone 21X Aldicarb to aldicarb sulfoxide 76X Aldicarb to aldicarb sulfone 17X... 

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