Aldehyde groups carbon-hydrogen bonds

Oxidative attack on a carbon-hydrogen bond of an alkyl group a to a nitrogen atom is not restricted to saturated aliphatic amines. In fact X in an X-N-CH- structural subunit can be virtually any common atomic grouping that can be found in stable organic molecules. For example, w-carbon hydrogens of Aralkyl-substituted aromatic cyclic amines (119), aryl amines (120), amides (121), amidines (122), A-nitrosodialkylamines (123), etc. are all subject to oxidative attack, carbinolamine formation, and in most cases release of an aldehyde or ketone depending on the substitution pattern (1° or 2°)... 

There is also a group of reactions in which hydride is transferred from carbon. The carbon-hydrogen bond has little intrinsic polarity or tendency to break in the way required for hydride transfer. These reactions usually proceed via cyclic transition states in which new C-H bonds are formed simultaneously with the cleavage. Hydride transfer is also facilitated by high charge density on the donor carbon atom. The Cannizzaro reaction, the base-catalyzed disproportionation of aldehydes, is one example of a hydride-transfer reaction. A general mechanism is outlined below. The hydride transfer is believed to occur from a species bearing two... 

Nucleophilic addition (Section 17 6) The charactenstic reac tion of an aldehyde or a ketone An atom possessing an un shared electron pair bonds to the carbon of the C=0 group and some other species (normally hydrogen) bonds to the oxygen... 

When a carbonyl group bonds to two carbon atoms, the compound is a ketone. An aldehyde has a hydrogen atom bonded to the carbonyl group. 

---