AGE formation

Formations from all geologic periods have been used for deep-well injection, but Paleozoic rocks are used for most injection zones (53%), followed by Tertiary-age formations (39%). Older Paleozoic rocks have been more frequently used for injection primarily because they tend to be more deeply buried. However, the more recent Tertiary-age Gulf Coast sediments are also very thick, and most injection in rocks of this age takes place there. 

Cantero, A. V., Portero-Otin, M., Ayala, V., Auge, N., Sanson, M., Elbaz, M., Thiers, J. C., Pamplona, R., Salvayre, R., and Negre-Salvayre, A. (2007). Methylglyoxal induces advanced glycation end product (ages) formation and dysfunction of PDGF receptor-beta Implications for diabetic atherosclerosis. FASEB J. 21,3096-3106. 

As introduced in Section 1.7.3 and Figure 1-20, because of diffusive loss of Ar, the "age" obtained from the K-Ar system is not necessarily the real age (formation age or peak temperature age), but is an apparent age (fa) as defined by Equation 1-114 ... 

AGE formation is related to hyperglycaemia in diabetes, but not in uraemia, because AGE levels do not differ between diabetic and nondiabetic haemodialysis patients, which is a mystery.435 Pentosidine and CML were elevated in uraemic plasma and then-levels were not correlated with fructoselysine levels. The addition of aminoguanidine and OPB-9195 lowered the yield of AGEs in both uraemic and control plasma. Carbonyl stress was therefore thought to be a contributory factor in uraemia. 

Pyridoxamine (PM) inhibits in vitro AGE formation from Amadori adducts on proteins, as well as advanced lipoxidation endproducts (ALEs). Baynes597 has now reported that PM inhibits the increase in AGE/ALEs in the skin collagen of strepto-zotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats and Zucker obese, nondiabetic rats. Inhibition of AGE/ALE formation was accompanied by lower increases in... 

Inhibition of the formation of CML and pentosidine from various AGE precursors and BSA was more efficient with OPB-9195 than with AG.601 OPB-9195 also inhibited the formation of two ALEs (malondialdehyde-lysine and 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adduct) with an efficiency similar to that of AG. In glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid, OPB-9195 inhibited AGE formation, probably by trapping reactive carbonyls, such as GO, MGO, and 3-deoxyglucosone. 

D. J. Millar, P. J. Thomalley, C. Holmes, and A. Dawnay, In vitro kinetics of AGE formation with PD fluid resembles that of glucose degradation products rather than glucose, in G, 2002, 475 177. 

R. Wada, Y. Nishizawa, N. Yagihashi, M. Takeuchi, Y. Ishikawa, K. Yasumura, M. Nakano, and S. Yagihashi, Inhibition of the development of experimental diabetic neurophathy by suppression of AGE formation with a new antiglycation agent, in G, 2002, 101-105. 

Figure 1.11 Illustration of advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation.

Effects of Tea and Its Polyphenols on Diabetes-Related Complications and AGE Formation... 

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