Adulteration process aging

The use of enantiomers as additional markers for taxonomic characterization of aromatic plants may be very helpful. The differences in the enantiomeric distribution of trans- and cis- sabinene hydrates in two Origanum species enable the species to be distinguished in spite of their similar essential oil compositions. A further study on the natural variation of the enantiomeric composition within a wild population may be carried out in order to examine the stability in a taxon (including the possible presence of chemotypes). The enantiomeric ratio of essential oil components is a reliable parameter for assessing quality because it may be indicative of adulteration, contamination, aging, shelf life, technological process and the botanical source of a specific chiral compound. ... 

The enantiomeric distribution can be very useful for identifying adulterated foods and beverages, for controlling and monitoring fermentation processes and products, and evaluating age and storage effects (1). 

Handheld and portable systems may have less resolution and spectral range than laboratory systems but can be customized for specific applications with customized spectral libraries. Specialized applications for these instruments include measuring the freshness of fish by monitoring the concentration of dimethylamine, which is directly related to age and temperature of processed frozen fish (Herrero et al, 2004). Fat concentration, composition, and saturation index allows a handheld Raman instrument to determine in less than 1 min if edible oils such as olive oil have been adulterated or if cheaper oil is being sold as more expensive olive oil. 

Enzyme immobilized on adulterated cellobiose film coated nanoparticles, corrected to 133U, 1, 3, 5, 7 day aged, on substrate, 20 C, 5 minutes. This is the experimental lot. A time 0 sample could not be tested because the immobilization process required at least several hours. 

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