Adenosine triphosphate compounds associated with

A Polycyclic Ammonium Salt as Host. Schmidtchen (52, 53) was the first to report examples of enzyme analogue catalysis of nucleophilic substitutions, mostly with aromatic compounds. He synthesized the two highly symmetrical cage compounds I and II (54) (Scheme II) and first examined their ability to form complexes with several anions (25). The smaller host with six methylene units as the spacer (cavity diameter of 4.5 A) showed, for example, association constants of 102 for chloride, 103 for bromide, and 102 for several biologically important anions such as adenosine triphosphate or nicotinamide dinucleotide diphosphate. Whereas the association of anions with I seems to be dominated by electrostatic interactions, the larger... 

Luciferin includes a whole family of compounds whose heterocyclic structures vary fix>m one organism to another. Most luciferase enzymes use the same cofactors as metabolic processes (ATP, FMN, NADH), and bioluminescence is easily associated with other types of Inological reactions for analytical applications. Firefly ludferase is used tt> follow processes that use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a cofactor, for example, the measurement of biomass, the detection of a bacterial infection, antibiotic assays, and the monitoring of other enzymatic reactions that consume or produce ATP. Luciferase catalyses all these reactions according to the following overall reaction scheme ... 

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency have been recognized as the primary cause of an associated immune deficiency syndrome. A number of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the predominant effect of these enzyme deficiencies on the development and function of the lymphoid system. One of the mechanisms concerns the phosphorylation of accumulated metabolic compounds i.e. deoxyadenosine (dAdo) in case of ADA-deficiency and deoxyguanosine (dGuo) in case of PNP deficiency in the lymphoid cells and particularly in thymocytes (1). Indeed increased deoxyATP and deoxyGTP levels have been found in the lymphocytes of ADA- and PNP-deficient patients respectively (2,3). These triphosphates may inhibit the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase which leads to a depletion of deoxyCTP and interference with lymphocytic DNA-synthesis (1). 

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