Adenine-N-Oxide

A number of zinc and cadmium complexes of adenine (82),554,555 adenine N-oxide,556 guanine,557 inosine,558 cytidine559 and other nucleosides560 have been studied. The structure of (9-methyladenine)ZnCl2 is polymeric each zinc ion is tetrahedrally coordinated to two chlorine atoms (Zn—Cl = 2.22 A), and to N-l and N-7 of neighbouring adenine moieties (Zn— N = 2.05A).561 A structural study of the related cadmium complex, CdCl2(DMSO)L (L = 9-methyladenine), has shown the complex to form a one-dimensional polymer. 2... 

Signorini N, Molko D, Cadet J (1998) Polyclonal antibodies to adenine N -oxide characterization and use for the measurement of DNA damage. Chem Res Toxicol 11 1169-1175 Simic M, Hayon E (1971) Radical reactions of N-ethyl maleimide in radiation sensitization. Int J Radiat Biol 20 589-592... 

The main oxidising agent of DNA is the hydroxyl radical (HO ), which oxidises the purine and pyrimidine bases and deoxyribosyl residues. The main oxidation products are 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil (3-153) and S-hydroxyguanine (3-154), which is formed by reaction of guanine with singlet oxygen. In the presence of transition metals, the main compound that is attacked is adenine. The reaction product is adenine-N -oxide (3-155). 

N-Morpholino)propanesulfonic acid Relative molecular weight (dimensionless number) Nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized form Nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form Nuclear magnetic resonance... 

Acrylamide, AB63 Acrylonitrile, AB34 Adenine, AE13 Adenine 1-N-oxide, AE15 Adenosine, AS02... 

Oral administration of 42 to rats resulted in extensive reduction to trimethoprim106. The 1,4-di-N-oxide olaquindox (49), a substance used as a growth promotor in cattle breeding, pig husbandry and poultry farming, has been shown to be converted to a limited extent to the 4-mono-N-oxide in rats164, and compound 46 was readily reduced to N,N-diallylmelamine both in vivo and in vitro109. The anerobic reduction, in the presence of xanthine oxidase, of a series of purine N-oxides, such as adenine 1-N-oxide or guanine... 

Mouret JF, Odin F, Polverelli M, Cadet J (1990) 32P-postlabeling measurement of adenine-N-1-oxide in cellular DNA exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Chem Res Toxicol 3 102-110 Mroczka N, Bernhard WA (1993) Hydration effects on free radical yields in DNA X-irradiated at 4 K. Radiat Res 135 155-159... 

Adenine Nj-oxide gives a pattern of three polarographic waves over the pH range of 1,4 to 5,6 Wave I is produced by the two-electron reduction of the N-oxide to... 

A number of different A-oxides have been investigated polarographically, such as N-oxides of quinoline [421], acridine [422], pyrazine [423], benzimidazole [424], quinoxaline [415], phenazine [416], and adenine [425], and the influence of substituents was discussed. 

A mixture of adenine 1-oxide monohydrate, methyl iodide, aq. 30%-H2O2, and N,N-dimethylacetamide stirred 89 hrs. at room temp. l-methoxy-9-methyl-adenine hydriodide. Y 82%. F. e. s. T. Fujii, S. Kawakatsu, and T. Itaya, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 22, 2466 (1974). 

Abbreviations NaAD, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide NMN, nicotinamide mononucleotide NaMN, nicotinic acid mononucleotide Nam, nicotinamide NiA, nicotinic acid QA, quinoUnic acid MNA, JV -methylnicotinic acid Tg, ttigoneBine = W-methylnicotinic acid Nam N-oxide, nicotinamide iV-oxide NiA V-oxide, nicotinic acid N-oxide 2-Py. iV -methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide 4-Py, JV -methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide NuA, nicotinuric acid. 

A-Chlorosuccinimide 1 N NaOH." With this method, the sulfide is oxidized completely to the sulfone, which is cleaved with hydroxide more readily than the sulfoxide formed by periodate oxidation. It has been reported that oxidation of the sulfide leads to oxidation of adenine and gua-nine." However, see the discussion of the TPTE group below. 

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