Additive nomenclature inorganic acids

IR-1.5.3.2 Compositional nomenclature IR-1.5.3.3 Substitutive nomenclature IR-1.5.3.4 Additive nomenclature IR-1.5.3.5 General naming procedures IR-1.6 Changes to previous IUPAC recommendations IR-1.6.1 Names of cations IR-1.6.2 Names of anions IR-1.6.3 The element sequence of Table VI IR-1.6.4 Names of anionic ligands in (formal) coordination entities IR-1.6.5 Formulae for (formal) coordination entities IR-1.6.6 Additive names of polynuclear entities IR-1.6.7 Names of inorganic acids IR-1.6.8 Addition compounds IR-1.6.9 Miscellaneous... 

Additive nomenclature treats a compound or species as a combination of a central atom or central atoms with associated ligands. The particular additive system used for coordination compounds (see Chapter IR-9) is sometimes known as coordination nomenclature although it may be used for much wider classes of compounds, as demonstrated for inorganic acids (Chapter IR-8) and organometallic compounds (Chapter IR-10) and for a large number of simple molecules and ions named in Table IX. Another additive system is well suited for naming chains and rings (Section IR-7.4 see Example 6 below). 

The main principle, however, is to use additive nomenclature for deriving systematic names for inorganic acids. For example, the systematic name for dihydrogenphosphate, H2PO4-, is dihydroxidodioxidophosphate(l—). 

For a number of inorganic acids, used as functional parents in organic nomenclature, the parent names used are now consistently allowed in the present recommendations, although fully systematic additive names are also given in all cases in Chapter IR-8. Examples are phosphinous acid, bromic acid and peroxydisulfuric acid. (Some of these names were absent from Ref. 11.)... 

While these concepts have usually been applied to metal compounds, a wide range of other species can be considered to consist of a central atom or central atoms to which a number of other groups are bound. The application of additive nomenclature to such species is briefly described and exemplified in Chapter IR-7, and abundantly exemplified for inorganic acids in Chapter IR-8. 

Functional replacement names may, of course, be used for the derived parent acids themselves. However, this amounts to introducing an additional system which is not needed in inorganic nomenclature. As mentioned above, additive and substitutive nomenclature can... 

The nomenclature of compounds containing —S— and =8 is unsatisfactory. As stated in the list on p. 50, —SH is denoted by the suffix -thiol (which is also the generic name) or prefix mercapto-, whereas MeS— is methylthio- sulphides, e.g., MeSBu, are named as methylthiobutane or butyl methyl sulphide. Thioketones EE C=S may be named by the suffix -thione (used in the same way as -one, as in MeBu C=8 hexane-2-thione) the prefix is thioxo-. In addition, a prefix thio- is widely used to denote replacement of oxygen by sulphur, particularly for acids and phenols (cf. thioketones and thioxo- also inorganic practice, p. 18). Thiophenol and thiocresol are normally used... 

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