Additional Applications of the Michael Reaction

When a stabilized enolate undergoes a 1,4-conjugate addition with an enone, it is called a Michael reaction. However, many related reactions with analogous mechanisms are also described as Michael additions. Any C=C double bond containing one or more EWGs is referred to as a Michael acceptor and soft nucleophiles that prefer 1,4-addition, including stabilized enolates and organocuprates, are described as Michael donors.  

4-Addition Reactions Michael Acceptors and Michael Donors 

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