Adding ductile particles

The transition of dispersed particles from the rubbery to glassy state defines the lowest temperature at which the incorporated rubber is able to reduce the matrix jdeld stress and accoimt for significant toughening (280,281). The effect of added rubber usually fades away at temperatures 10-20 K above its which is manifested as a sharp drop in the fracture energy (256). An equation was derived for the brittle-ductile transition temperature as a function of the particle... 

It is pointed out that the addition of copper nanoparticles into lubricating oils can replace or at least cover the real wear particles with those of a more ductile metal, which would provide better lubrication as compared, for example, with steel wear particles. The softer metal would also probably decrease adhesion between the frictional surfaces, which is dependent on the particular metal used as the wear surface. It is also realized that the copper nanoparticles added... 

Several alloys between Sn and Sb have been reported. Smaller particles have better cycling performance. When the particle size is below 300 run, its reversible capacity remains above 360 mAh/g after 200 cycles. Porous SnSb alloys can achieve better cycling performance. Carbon coating improves performance even more. Ag can also be added to Sn Sb alloy as an inert and ductile phase to improve the reversibility of lithium storage. 

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