Actuation and Sensing Schemes

Beyond in-plane actuation and sensing associated with the normal strain °(rr,s) and the shear strain 7°g(x,s) of the shell, the derived beam formulation is capable of analyzing the out-of-plane effects associated with the 

Brockmann, Theory of Adaptive Fiber Composites, Solid Mechanics and Its Applications 161, 

Normal Mode Shear Mode extension torsion bending shear warping warping 

The simultaneous consideration of actuation and sensing, as instituted by the developed theory, becomes interesting as soon as a control unit is incorporated into the simulation. Since this would exceed the scope of the work at hand, we will refrain from such additional complexity within the exemplary calculations. Thus, the consequences for the electrical interconnection of layers read  

Remark 10.1. A single group of electrically paralleled laminae is taken into account for the example configuration. 

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To be able to model different actuation and sensing schemes, the relative sign of polarization and electric field strength may alternate around the cross-section. It will be summarized in the vector p s) with an entry for every group of electrically paralleled laminae, as exemplarily introduced by Eq. (6.6) ... 

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