Actin Clostridium difficile toxin

Prepens U, Just I, Von Eichel-Streiber C et al. (1996) Inhibition of FcsRI-mediated activation of rat basophilic leukemia cells by Clostridium difficile toxin B (mono-glucosyltransferase). In J. Biol. Chem. 271 7324-9 Reuner KH, Presek P, Boschek CB et al. (1987) Botulinum C2 toxin ADP-ribosylates actin and disorganizes the microfilament network in intact cells. In Eur. J. Cell Biol. 43 134-40... 

Gilbert RJ, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, etal. (1995) Clostridium difficile toxin B activates calcium influx required for actin disassembly during cytotoxicity. In 7 m. J. Physiol. 268 G487-G495. 

Ottlinger ME, Lin S (1988) Clostridium difficile toxin B induces reorganization of actin, vinculin, and talin in cultured cells. In ExptI Cell Res. 174 215-229. 

In the past decade, toxins produced by various species of Clostridium were reported to disrupt the ACTSK by ADP-ribosylation of either actin, as does the C2-toxin from C. botulinum (Aktories et al., 1986 Reuner et al., 1987), or the small GTPase Rho, as does exoenzyme C3 from the same bacterium (Aktories et al., 1987 Chardin et al., 1989). However, neither of the C. difficile toxins was found to have any ADP-ribosyltransferase activity (Florin and Thelestam, 1991 Just et al., 1994b Popoff eta/., 1988). 

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