Acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers

Synthesis and Modification of New Acrylonitrile Polymers and Copolymers with the Use of Polymer-Analogous Transformations of the Nitrile Groups 115... 

UltrafUtration membranes are commonly asymmetric (skinned) polymeric membranes prepared by the phase inversion process. Materials commercially made into membranes include cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, aramids, polyvinylidene fluoride, and acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers. Inorganic membranes of hydrous zirconium oxide dqrosited on a tubular carbon liking are alM commercially available. 

Fig. 8. Thermogravimetric analysis of polymers and copolymers of styrene in nitrogen at 10°C/min A represents PS B, poly(vinyltoluene) C, poly(a-methylstyrene) D, poly(styrene-i (9-acrylonitrile), with 71.5% styrene E, poly(styrene-i (9-butadiene), with 80% styrene and F,...

The 1997 U.S. propylene demand ws 31 billion pounds and most of it was used to produce polypropylene polymers and copolymers (about 46%). Other large volume uses are acrylonitrile for synthetic fibers (Ca 13%), propylene oxide (Ca 10%), cumene (Ca 8%) and oxo alcohols (Ca 7%). ... 

This new lower price changed the comparative economic advantages of some of the newer plastics and led to a search for new uses of acrylonitrile and its polymers and copolymers. A new route to Dacron was developed by du Pont using this lower priced acrylonitrile and the use of acrylic fabrics grew rapidly. There was also an increase in uses of ABS and acrylonitrile production capacity. 

Chemical Modifications of Fibre Forming Polymers and Copolymers of Acrylonitrile... 

Rogovin, Z. A. and Gabrielyan, G. A. Chemical Modifications of Fibre Forming Polymers and Copolymers of Acrylonitrile. Vol. 25, pp. 97-134. 

Butadiene and isoprene have two double bonds, and they polymerize to polymers with one double bond per monomeric unit. Hence, these polymers have a high degree of unsaturation. Natural rubber is a linear cis-polyisoprene from 1,4-addition. The corresponding trans structure is that of gutta-percha. Synthetic polybutadienes and polyisoprenes and their copolymers usually contain numerous short-chain side branches, resulting from 1,2-additions during the polymerization. Polymers and copolymers of butadiene and isoprene as well as copolymers of butadiene with styrene (GR-S or Buna-S) and copolymers of butadiene with acrylonitrile (GR-N, Buna-N or Perbunan) have been found to cross-link under irradiation. 

Uses. Acrylic fibers account for about half the acrylonitrile production. Orion, Acrylon, and Dynel are polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile. These fibers find extensive usage in apparel and household furnishings as well as in the industrial markets. 

The acrylic family of polymers includes polymers and copolymers of acrylic and methacrylic acids and esters, acrylonitrile, and acrylamide [Kine and Novak, 1985 Nemec and Bauer, 1985 Peng, 1985 Thomas and Wang, 1985],... 

---