Acoustic cavitation sonochemical mechanism

Eskin, G.I. Mechanisms of Fine Filtration of Molten Metals in Acoustic Cavitation Field. Abstr. 2nd Meeting of European Soc. Sonochem. (ESS), Sept. 1991, Gargnano, Italy, 1991, pp. 62-63. 

Thus, the parameters of acoustic intensity, temperature, ambient gas, and solvent choice have strong influences on sonochemical reactions. It is clear that one can fine tune the energetics of cavitation by the use of these variables and hence exercise control on the rates and reaction pathways followed by the associated chemistry. Specific examples will be discussed shortly. Clearly, the thermal conductivity of the ambient gas (e.g., a variable He/Ar atmosphere) and the overall solvent vapor pressure provides easy mechanisms for experimental control of the peak temperatures generated during the cavitational collapse. 

It should be noted that acoustic irradiation is a mechanical energy (no quantum), which is transformed to thermal energy. Contrary to photochemical processes, this energy is not absorbed by molecules. Due to the extensive range of cavitation frequencies, many reactions are not well reproducible. Therefore, each publication related to the use of US generally contains a detailed description of equipment (dimensions, frequency used, intensity of US, etc.) [709]. Sonochemical reactions are usually marked )))), in accordance with internationally accepted usage [708], For successful application of US, the influence of various factors can be summarized as follows [710] ... 

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