Cavitation, acoustic, and

A. A. Atchley and L. A. Crum, Acoustic cavitation and bubble dynamics, in Ultrasound, its Chemical, Physical and Biological Effect, K. S. Suslick, ed, VCH, New York (1988). 

Moholkar et al. [11] studied the effect of operating parameters, viz. recovery pressure and time of recovery in the case of hydrodynamic cavitation reactors and the frequency and intensity of irradiation in the case of acoustic cavitation reactors, on the cavity behavior. From their study, it can be seen that the increase in the frequency of irradiation and reduction in the time of the pressure recovery result in an increment in the lifetime of the cavity, whereas amplitude of cavity oscillations increases with an increase in the intensity of ultrasonic irradiation and the recovery pressure and the rate of pressure recovery. Thus, it can be said that the intensity of ultrasound in the case of acoustic cavitation and the recovery pressure in the case of hydrodynamic cavitation are analogous to each other. Similarly, the frequency of the ultrasound and the time or rate of pressure recovery, are analogous to each other. Thus, it is clear that hydrodynamic cavitation can also be used for carrying out so called sonochemical transformations and the desired/sufficient cavitation intensities can be obtained using proper geometric and operating conditions. 

Pradhan AA, Gogate PR (2009) Degradation of p-nitrophenol Using Acoustic Cavitation and Fenton Chemistry. J Haz Mat 173 517-522... 

The Role of Salts in Acoustic Cavitation and the Use of Inorganic Complexes as Cavitation Probes... 

T. Ohta (2002) On the molecular kinetics of acoustic cavitation and the nuclear emission. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 27 in printing... 

J.R. Blake (ed.). Acoustic cavitation and sonoluminescence. Theme issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London A 1999, 357, 199-369. 

Since the early 1980s, sonochemistry has become a well-defined technique for both mechanistic and synthetic studies. The general details of the process of acoustic cavitation and the high-energy... 

Assuming that the melt flow is laminar, its flow rate through a multilayer filter does not depend on time. But in the case when a molten metal contains dispersed particles with a size less than the section of the channel, the flow rate becomes dependent on time mainly due to the adhesion of the particles to the channel walls. With this, those particles which have the size larger than that of the capillary channel section are retained at the entrance of the filter in a form of a cake which increases the apparent length of the channel and decreases the active surface of the filter. The input of intensive ultrasonic oscillations in the mode of developed cavitation results in the appearance of active acoustic streams near the filter surface and in washing-out the cake. In the ideal case, the value of the flow rate through the filter can be sustained constant for a sufficiently long period of fine filtration due to the action of acoustic cavitation and streams. 

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