Acidic and Basic Salts

Two 100-mL round-bottomed flasks with stoppers, two large test tubes, test tube stand, stand with fixing device, gas burner, ice bath, safety glasses, protective gloves. 

Phenolphthalein is thus colored red. However, the indicator cannot enter the crystal lattice of the solid acetate. Only when the salt is fused, do the ions become mobile and undergo the hydrolysis described by eqn. (1). Since the equilibrium constant is temperature-dependent, the hydroxide ion concentration increases with increasing temperature, so that the red coloration of the indicator increases. On cooling the original lattice is re-formed and the residue is colorless. 

The heating of the solid salt again leads to melting and dissolution in the water of crystallisation hydrated Mg ions and H3O ions are formed just as in the aqueous solution (eqn. 2), so that the red coloration typical of methyl red at pH 6 is observed. In the crystal lattice the indicator does not change from its normal yellow color. 

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Thus, out of the three ionizable hydrogens in phosphoric acid, the first H+ is removed more easily than the second, and the second H" dissociates more easily than the third. When phosphoric acid is titrated with sodium hydroxide,it forms both acidic and basic salts ... 

Both isoelectric albumin and its undissociated acid and basic salts are less solvated and imbibe less liquid than the ionised form thus the viscosity of an albumin solution will be least at the isoelectric point rising to more or less well defined maxima on each side, these maxima coinciding with the points of maximum dis-... 

Tin diphenyl hydroxychloride.—As indicated above, this product is obtained by the action of water on the diehloride. It melts at 187° C., and at higher temperatures develops an odour of diphenyl, gives the dichloride on warming with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and forms acid and basic salts of the type SnPhgClX, these readily being produced by the action of hydrogen chloride, bromide or iodide. The hydroxychloride is an amorphous powder, wdiich is insoluble in the usual organic solvents. 

If we say set aside chelated s tems where compression of the bond may be operative, then the crystallographically symmetrical bonds of the Type A acid and basic salts constitute a substantial set of examples, which include most of the shortest known hydrogen bonds. Can the formal crystallographic S3mmetry be gainsaid ... 

The present volume deals with topics detailed in the table of Contents. The chapters on earlier French chemistry point out the influence of Paracelsus and a little later that of Boyle. The phlogiston theory was not first introduced by Macquer, and normal, acid, and basic salts were recognised before Rouelle an attempt is made to separate the contributions of the two Rouelles. The chapters on chemistry in Scandinavia include material not easily accessible elsewhere it is pointed out that Bergman gave a little-known summary of Scheele s work in 1775, when Priestley s discovery of oxygen and Lavoisier s claim to such discovery were published. 

Remember that acidic and basic salts do not necessarily form solutions that are acidic or basic, respectively. The acidic and basic names refer to their ability to react with strong acids (basic salts) and bases (acidic salts). They can also often react with both acids and bases (e.g., NaHCOs), but are usually named for their primary acid or base reaction chemistry. 

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