Acid Mine Drainage, Pinal Creek, Arizona

4 Acid Mine Drainage, Pinal Creek, Arizona 

Models Calcite Dolomite Gypsum An38 Kaolinite co2 Halite NaX CaX2 MgX2 KX 

There are many practical reasons why migration of the Pinal Creek acid plume and associated metals needs to be predicted from models  

the responsible parties need to report to EPA and state regulators quarterly on the condition of the pollution  

models are needed to predict and evaluate the effectiveness of remedial pumping programs at the site  

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Lind, C. J. and J. D. Hem, 1993, Manganese minerals and associated fine particulates in the streambed of Pinal Creek, Arizona, U.S.A., a mining-related acid drainage problem. Applied Geochemistry 8, 67-80. 

The Pinal Creek basin in central Arizona, about 100 km east of Phoenix, is one of the most polluted acid mine drainage sites in the USA (Figure 9.2). Mining activities over a century, mostly in copper from porphyry deposits, have resulted in a plume of acidic groundwater in the alluvium and basin fill aquifer. The plume is laden with heavy metals. Many potential contamination sources, including mine tailings, heap leach, surface impoundments, and surface run-off and groundwater flow in the mineralized... 

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