Acid hydrolase

DL-2-oxo-oxa2ohdine-4-carboxyhc acid hydrolase + racemase Pseud, testeroni ... 

MIM 252500) Pseudo-Hurler ML III glycoprotein N-acetylglu-cosamininylphosphotrans-ferase. (Acid hydrolases thus lack phosphoman-nosyl residues.) As for ML II but deficiency Glycoprotein fragments... 

Gladyshev VN, SV Khangulov, TC Stadtmann (1994) Nicotinic acid hydrolase from Clostridium barkeri electron paramagnetic studies show that selenium is coordinated with molybdenum in the catalytically active selenium-dependent enzyme. Proc Natl Acad USA 91 232-236. 

Fruchey I, N Shapir, MJ Sadowsky, LP Wackett (2003) On the origins of cyanuric acid hydrolase purification, substrates, and prevalence of AtdzD from Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP. Appl Environ Microbiol 69 3653-3657. 

Extracellular, exo-type poly(/3-L-malic acid) hydrolase 124... 

Multivesicular bodies are usually found in association with the Golgi apparatus and are visualized by EM as small, single membrane-bound sacs approximately 0.5 Jim in diameter. They contain several minute, spherical profiles, sometimes arranged about the periphery. They are believed to belong to the lysosome series prior to secondary lysosomes because they contain acid hydrolases and apparently are derived from primary lysosomes. 

Fitzpatrick, P. F. Tetrahydropterin-dependent amino acid hydrolases. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 68 355-381,1999. 

Primary lysosomal hydrolase defects. Two-thirds of the lysosomal storage diseases involve defects in genes that code for acid hydrolases. Table 41-2 lists 29 defects that have been defined so far. They have an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, except for Hunter s syndrome and Fabry s disease, where the mode is X-linked recessive. The defective genes have been identified and mutations have been defined for nearly all. The nervous system is involved in most. Many of the disorders show a wide range of clinical severity, which may range from death in early childhood to a moderate disability in adulthood. 

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (CLN), also referred to as Batten s disease, are a group of disorders characterized by the accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigments. Clinical hallmarks include blindness, seizures, cognitive and motor decline and early death. Age of onset varies from infancy to adulthood. Eight genetic forms have been identified [4]. Two involve lysosomal acid hydrolases. CLN1 codes for palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1. Clinically it presents most often in infancy and leads to loss of active movement and visual contact by 3 years of age. It is most common in Finland, where its incidence is 1 20,000. CLN2 codes for a lysosomal pepstatin-insensitive acid protease. 

See Section IV.1 for alternative methods of chiral resolution. Partial chemical hydrolysis of proteins and peptides with hot 6 M HC1, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with pronase, leucine aminopeptidase and peptidyl D-amino acid hydrolase, avoids racemiza-tion of the amino acids281. The problems arising from optical rotation measurements of chiral purity were reviewed. Important considerations are the nonideal dependence of optical rotation on concentration and the effect of chiral impurities282. 

Starek A. 1980a. [The influence of kerosene hydrocarbons on the activity of acid hydrolases of lymphocytes in rats.] Folia Med Cracov 22(3-4) 385-392. (Polish)... 

Studies on the biosynthesis of lactones have shown that epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids like, e.g., linoleic and linolenic acid may represent a common pathway to oxygenated derivatives of fatty acids. Epoxy fatty acid hydrolases were identified as key enzymes that exhibit high regioselectivity and enantiose-lectivity [25, 26]. 

Tolna, S. Effects of parathyroid hormone on bone acid hydrolases in tissue culture. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 46, 261 (1968)... 

Inhibition of fatty acid hydrolase (FAAH) - a new target for pain research ... 

Glycosaminoglycans are degraded in lysosomes, which contain hydrolytic enzymes that are most active at a pH of approximately 5. [Note Therefore, as a group, these enzymes are called acid hydrolases.] The low pH optimum is a protective mechanism that prevents the enzymes from destroying the cell should leakage occur into the cytosol where the pH is neutral. With the exception of keratan sui-... 

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