Acetone-benzene-chloroform mixture region

The first column produces nearly pure acetone from the top and a mixture of all three species in the bottom. This mixture is near the distillation boundary and occurs when D/F is about 0.31. as we saw earlier. We feed the bottom product to a second column, which separates benzene (bottom product) from the acetone and chloroform in its feed (top product). We find we can draw a material balance line through the mixture fed to column 2, which connects benzene to a mixture of acetone and chloroform in the other (right-hand side) region because of the curvature of the distillation boundary. This curvature is often important in devising separation schemes. 

Figure 3.10 shows typical RCM for nonideal mixtures involving azeotropes. For the mixture ace tone/heptane /benzene (plot a) there is only one distillation field. The problem seems similar to a zeotropic system, except for the fact that the minimum boiler is a binary azeotrope and not a pure component. With the mixture acetone/chloroform/toluene (plot b) there is one distillation boundary linking the high-boiler with the low-boiler azeotrope. Consequently, there are two distillation regions. Similar behavior shows the plot c, with two azeotropes. The mixture acetone/chloroform/methanol (plotd) has four azeotropes (3 binaries and 1 ternary) displaying a behavior with four distillation regions. 

B)-acetone (Q, water (/4)-chloroform (B)-acetone (C), and benzene (/l)-water (B)-acetic acid (C). Referring to Fig. 12.5-2, liquid C dissolves completely in A or in B. Liquid A is only slightly soluble in B and B slightly soluble in A. The two-phase region is included inside below the curved envelope. An original mixture of composition M will separate into two phases a and b which are on the equilibrium tie line through point M. Other tie lines are also shown. The two phases are identical at point P, the Plait point. 

Figure 3.14. Examples of determination whether the feed points xp belong to distillation regions Reg and what are the compositions of xd and xb products at direct xd( ) xb(V) and indirect xd(2) xb(2) splits of the mixture of (a) acetone(l)-methanol(2)-chloroform(3)-ethanol(4), the region 12 13 (b) isopropanol(l)-benzene(2)-cyclohexane(3)-n-butanol(4), the region 123 4. The...

For a mixture of acetone(l)-benzene(2)-chloroform(3)-toluene(4), determine the location of the boundary between distillation regions. 

The diagrams of reversible distillation were constructed for some types of three-component azeotropic mixtures. It is interesting that some types of mixtures with one binary azeotrope and with two distillation regions [types 3 and 5 according to classification (Gurikov, 1958)] permit sharp separation into component and binary zeotropic mixture at some feed compositions. The mixture acetone(l)-benzene(2)-chloroform(3) is an example of such mixture. 

Let s examine the analysis of structure of reversible distillation trajectory bundles at the concrete example of four-component mixture acetone(l)-benzene(2)-chloroform(3)-toluene(4). At the beginning, the segments of the components order Regff at the edges of the concentration tetrahedron are defined by means of scanning and calculation of the values Ki (Fig. 4.13a). The corresponding regions of components order Reg in the tetrahedron are shown in Fig. 4.13b and in its faces - in Fig. 4.14. The whole face 1-2-3, where the component 4 that is absent... 

Figure 4.16. Bundles of sharp reversible stripping trajectories in region reversible distillation Regjigy j for the acetone(l)-benzene(2)-chloroform(3)-tolnene(4) mixture (a) node is component 1, (b) node is azeotrope 13, and (c) nodes are component 1 and azeotrope 13.

Figure 4.25. Boundary of semisharp reversible distillation region (shaded) of acetone( 1 )-benzene(2)-chloroform (3)-toluene mixture e...

Figure 5.18. The tangential pinch in rectifying section for the acetone(l)-benzene(2)- chloroform(3) mixture for the split 1,3 2 (a) sharp separation (the tangential-pinch region Regj g not shaded), (b) quasisharp separation. 1, 2, 3, different values of L/V and different iso-f 2 lines (thin hues) SN, saddle-node point.

Figure 5.30. The joining of section trajectories under minimum reflux for the direct spht of (a) the acetone(l)-benzene(2)-chloroform(3) mixture, and (b) the acetone(l)-benzene(2)-chloroform(3)-toluene(4) mixture. The attraction region RegJ is...

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