Acetamide, bromination preparation

Nitrosomethylurea is conveniently prepared by treating acetamide (2 0 mols) with bromine (1 1 mols), followed by 10-25 per cent aqueous caustic alkali (2 0 mols) when acetylmethylurea is produced ... 

Methylamine occurs in herring brine 2 in crude methyl alcohol from wood distillation,3 and in the products obtained by the dry distillation of beet molasses residues.4 It has been prepared synthetically by the action of alkali on methyl cyanate or iso-cyanurate 5 by the action of ammonia on methyl iodide,6 methyl chloride,7 methyl nitrate,8 or dimethyl sulfate 9 by the action of methyl alcohol on ammonium chloride,10 on the addition compound between zinc chloride and ammonia,11 or on phos-pham 12 by the action of bromine and alkali on acetamide 13 by the action of sodamide on methyl iodide 14 by the reduction of chloropicrin,15 of hydrocyanic or of ferrocyanic acid,16 of hexamethylenetetramine,17 of nitromethane,18 or of methyl nitrite 19 by the action of formaldehyde on ammonium chloride.20... 

N-bromoacetamide has been prepared from acetamide and bromine in the presence of potassium hydroxide,2,3 zinc oxide,4 or calcium carbonate.4... 

This reagent is prepared in 85% yield by bromination of N.N-dimethylcyano-acetamide in HOAC-AC2O. ... 

As substitution-products of ammonium iodide which contain two, three, and four alkyl groups are obtained along with methylammonium iodide by the action of ammonia on methyl iodide—a fact explained below—the compound is most readily prepared in the pure condition from acetamide by what is known as Hofmann s reaction. When an amide is treated with bromine and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, the first reaction which takes place consists in the replacement of one of the hydrogen atoms in the amido group by bromine. The equation for the reaction in the case of acetamide is,—... 

Aminobenzoic Acids, NH2.C6H4.COOH.—The most important of the aminobenzoic acids is the ortho compound, which is called anthranilic acid. It was first obtained from indigo anil). It is manufactured on the large scale in the synthetic preparation of indigo by a method which is an application of Hofmann s reaction for the preparation of amines. It will be recalled that acetamide is converted by a solution of bromine in sodium hydroxide into methylamine —... 

It is prepared by brominating adamantane and treating the resulting bromo derivative with acetonitrile in the presence of sulphuric acid to obtain N-(l-adamantanyl) acetamide. This on alkaline hydrolysis and treatment with hydrochloric acid affords the official compoimd. 

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