Acenaphthylene surfaces

In agreement with this, the analysis of the products forming during the alkylation over MCM-22 samples at different reaction time showed that about 80-90 wt. % of the recovered material is adsorbed on the external surface (phenol, o-TBP and p-TBP), whereas only about 10-20 wt.% is formed inside the zeolite ( coke constituted by p-TBP, naphthalenes, 9,10-dihydro-phenanthrene and acenaphthylene). Coke molecules could be formed in both supercages and sinusoidal channels. However, in the large supercages they would be converted into bulkier compounds, which is not the case. Therefore they are most likely located in the sinusoidal channels. 

The first photochemical reactions to be correlated with PMO theory were the dimerizations of anthracene, tetracene, pentacene, and acenaphthylene. 36> More detailed energy surfaces for the photodimerization reactions of butadiene have also been calculated. 30> In the category of simplified calculations lie studies of the regiospecificity of Diels-Alder reactions 37>, and reactivity in oxetane-forming reactions. 38,39) jn these... 

Carbon blacks have been reported to be capable of initiating the cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers such as vinyl ethers, indene, and acenaphthylene. The grafting sites of the polymer were based on carboxyl groups present on the surface [88]. The polymerization was inhibited by treatment of the carbon blacks with NaHCOs, CH2N2, pyridine, and DMF. Also, the degree of conversion was found to be dependent on temperature and time of polymerization [89]. 

Kinetic studies at short residence times first suggested the following reaction sequence ethylnaphthalene dehydrogenates to vinylnaphthalene vinylnaphthalene dehydrocyclizes to acenaphthylene and finally acenaphthylene is hydrogenated to acenaphthene. However, further work by Isagulyants and co-workers, using 14C-labeled 1-vinylnaphthylene, shows that over platinum on alumina at 470°C, acenaphthene and acenaphthylene are formed from both 1-ethylnaphthalene and 1-vinylnaphthalene. Vinylnaphthalene dehydrocyclizes about three times faster than ethylnaphthalene. The vinylnaphthalene intermediate remains adsorbed on the catalyst surface during the reaction (48). 

The evidence from photosensitization derives from the Rose Bengal (RB) sensitized dimerization of acenaphthylene.1 15 It is observed that one RB molecule can yield, by repeated excitation, dimeric molecules with a high conversion. This requires that dimers move away from the RB molecules and that monomers move to occupy these vacant places. Evidence has been presented1 that the RB molecules are firmly fixed to the surface and thus the acenaphthylene monomers and dimers must be undergoing extensive motion on the surface during... 

PAHs have been detected in surface waters of the United States. In an assessment of STORET data covering the period 1980-82, Staples et al. (1985) reported median concentrations in ambient water of >10 ug/L for 15 PAHs (acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene, benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene, fluoranthene, fluorene, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene). The number of samples ranged from 630 (naphthalene) to 926 (fluoranthene) the percentage of samples in which these PAHs were detected ranged from 1.0 (benzo[g,h,i]perylene) to 5.0 (phenanthrene) and 7.0 (naphthalene). 

The potential energy surfaces of the two processes are shown in Figure 6.23. As can be seen, the surfaces are very similar. Both radicals react via two parallel channels. In one channel (via TSl), both eject an H-atom to produce naphthyl ethylene and naphthyl acetylene with energy barriers of 35 and 38 kcaFmol, respectively. In the second channel (via TS2) with energy barriers of 17.3 and 19.3kcaFmol, they isomerize to acenaphthalenyl (INTeth) in surface (II) and acenaphthylenyl (INTac) in surface (I) toward the formation of acenaphthene and acenaphthylene. Since the... 

Dimerization of Acenaphthylene in the Crystalline or Solid State Dimerization on Sihca Gel Surfaces ... 

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