Tolerance absolute

Table 1 shows the relative salt tolerances of agricultural crops. These data serve as a guide to the relative tolerance among crops to adapt the quahty of water to crops patterns under water scarcity. It is important to highlight that absolute tolerances vary with climate, soil conditions, and cultural practices. 

This model has an absolute tolerance rather than a percentage tolerance. The parameter 1 0.05. 

Another reason for the preference of up-numbering is actually due to a manufacturing problem. Tolerances in silicon etching are absolute tolerances which means that with decreasing size of the channels the geometric errors increase. This influence is balanced if a large number of channels are combined. 

The residence time of such a well is again best visible at the exit. The parabolic profile this time is much wider than for the structured case. The maximum relative deviation amounts to 233%, which is 6.5 times larger than for the structured well. This is important because it demonstrates that micro structures are indeed a means to obtain a narrow overall residence time distribution. The error introduced by manufacturing tolerances (estimated 5 pm absolute tolerance in a 320 pm wide channel) is 1.6% in width, a value which does not influence this evaluation. 

The following Athena Visual Studio code sets up this problem and solves it by calls to DDAPLUS. The chosen absolute tolerance, ATOL=l.D-10, is satisfactory until f = 1.00 hr, after which ui and g attain much smaller values. Careful nesting of the multiplications and divisions proved necessary to avoid underflows in the calculations of /g, fg, and fig note the placement of parentheses in those lines of the UModel Equations section. 

If you wish to solve the problem more accurately than is done with the default parameters, you can change them. The following commands show how to change the relative tolerance and absolute tolerance from the default values of 10 to 10 You can place different accuracy limits on different variables, too. To see all the options, see help odeset. 

Jacobson, M.Z., Improvement of the SMVGEAR II on vector and scalar machines through absolute tolerance control. Atmos Environ 32, 791, 1998. 

Calculations are stopped when vertices of simplex are only very small distances from each other. In this case too, it is necessary to check the distance by means of both relative and absolute tolerances. 

Objects from this class can use certain special functions GetSolution provides the x at the solution GetMinimumF provides the objective function at the solution SetXRelativeTolerance modifies the relative tolerance related to the distance of the vertices of the simplex SetXAbsoluteTolerance modifies the absolute tolerance related to the distance of vertices of the simplex SetFunctionMinimumTolerance modifies the tolerance on the value of the... 

Avoid initial values of 0 for differential variables to avoid initialization errors. Even if there is no term in any equation with a division by that variable, that variable may appear in the denominator of one of the Jacobian terms leading to the same issue. You can use a small initial value above the absolute tolerance. For example, if = 10 and the variable values in the relevant period are of the order of 1, you could use an initial value of 10" . ... 

For the plants that were treated by bacteria two tolerance indexes were calculated relative and absolute ones. To calculate the relative tolerance index the plants, obtained from seeds treated by bacteria and grown on medium without cadmium, were considered as control ones. While calculating the absolute tolerance index the plants, obtained Ifom the seeds treated with water, and germinated in distilled water were considered as control seedlings. 

The absolute tolerance index (ATI) of roots was always higher that the control value in the case of seeds treatment with both bacteria strains (Table 15.2). The similar rule was shown in the analysis of ATI of shoots of plants that were pre-treatment with B. subtilis 26D bacteria. 

Thus, the processing plant by endophytic strain B. subtilis weakened the toxic effects of cadmium ions. Each strain showed itself individually. The relative and absolute tolerance indexes of plants in almost all variants were higher when seeds were pretreated with the bacteria. On the ground of the investigations of some authors and our experimental data, we suggest that the endophytic bacteria stimulate the plant growth and increase immunity, keep up the activity of catalase and peroxidase, reduce the intensity of lipid peroxidation, stabilize cell membranes with the toxic effects of cadmium. The results are of considerable interest while developing techniques for the crop production on soils contaminated with heavy metal salts. 

The tolerance is usually a combination of a relative tolerance bound RTOL and an absolute tolerance bound ATOL by setting ... 

Calibration cell (shown in Figure 7.1b). An electrical calibration may be performed using a stabilized power supply (current generator), a high-accuracy resistor, a precision voltmeter and an electronic chronometer. Very high absolute tolerance resistors (0.01-0.001%) with low temperature coefficient are available, for example from Vishay-SFERNICE, France. 

Various pipe dies have been retrofitted with Rex Ring sleeves for developmental and for production purposes. Fig. 2 shows the thickness distribution which was achieved for a PE pipe having a diameter of 110 mm and a wall thickness of 9 mm. The red distribution was reached after the die has centred in the conventional way. By optimising the gap situation at the exit of the die with the help of the adjusting screws the blue distribution was reached. The absolute tolerance of 0.09 mm is far beyond what can be reached with conventional pipe dies. 

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