A horizontal gene transfer

II. Domain Families in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya A. Horizontal Gene Transfer... 

The authors pointed out that the cobalt-dependenq of this enzyme may explain why several axenic bacterial cultures require Co for degradation of TEA and HIBA [21,24,25,60]. Most remarkably, the same gene (nearly 100% identity) was foimd in the finished genome of M. petroleiphilum PMl [22], suggesting a horizontal gene transfer between both cultures. 

Sorensen, S. J. Sorensen, A. H. Hansen, L. H. Oregaard, G. Veal, D. A. Direct detection and quantification of horizontal gene transfer by using flow cytometry and gfp as reporter gene. Curr. Microbiol. 2003, 47,129-133. 

Lamour V., Quevillon, S., Diriong, S., N Guyen, V. C., Lipinski, M. and Miranda, M. (1994), Evolution of the Glx-tRNA synthetase family the glutaminyl enzyme as a case of horizontal gene transfer , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 8670. 

Finally, reproduction in all eukaryotes is dependent on sexual interaction (see Margulis (1995) in Further Reading). The implication is twofold that the DNA is at all times less exposed to horizontal gene transfer that is from species to species, which is common in bacteria but the DNA is more open to recombination as a... 

Baumler, A. J. (1997). The record of horizontal gene transfer in Salmonella. Trends Microbiol. 5, 318-322. 

Ola Johnsborg is a research scientist. He received his Ph.D. in 2003 from the Norwegian University of Life Sciences. His Ph.D. work was on molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of bacteriocin production in Laaobacillus plantarum. Since then he has been studying horizontal gene transfer by means of competence for natural transformation in the human pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. 

Fig. 1 Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance acquisition (a) and spreading in a community over time (b). Arrows indicate horizontal gene transfer processes and R acquired antibiotic resistance gene...

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