Zigzag pattern

The DNA helix has major and minor grooves Z-DNA forms a zigzag pattern B-DNA is the preferred conformation in vivo Specific base sequences can be recognized in B-DNA Conclusion Selected readings... 

Regime II Defect Diff ision the zigzag pattern is modulated quasi-periodically in time. The chaos in the domain boiindary is still localized but it can now move about in space. For r 0.1, the phase change Regime I —> Regime II occurs at about a 3.82. 

Note that the quantity (1- Q D)) can be thought of as a disorder parameter distinguishing the different regimes of behavior. Numerical measurements of this disorder parameter around the transition point at. which the zigzag pattern collapses spontaneously (i.e. around etc 3.92) suggest a critical-like behavior [kaneko89a] ... 

The carbon chains of samrated fatty acids form a zigzag pattern when extended, as at low temperamres. At higher temperatures, some bonds rotate, causing chain shortening, which explains why biomembranes become thinner with increases in temperamre. A type of geometric isomerism occurs in unsaturated fatty acids, depending on the orientation of atoms or groups around the axes of double bonds, which do not allow rotation. If the acyl chains are on the same side of the bond, it is cis-, as in oleic acid if on opposite sides, it is tram-, as in elaidic acid, the tram isomer of oleic acid (Fig-... 

As the number of carbon atoms in the alkane increases, so does the number of possible stractural isomers. Thousands of different alkanes exist, because there are no limits on the length of the carbon chain. Regardless of the number of the chain length, alkanes have tetrahedral geometry around all of their carbon atoms. The structure of decane, Cio H22, shown in Figure 9-15. illustrates this feature. Notice that the carbon backbone of decane has a zigzag pattern because of the 109.5° bond angles that characterize the tetrahedron. 

Consider the case each DCT block where a bit is inserted. The key K is used as a seed of pseudo random number generator to get random index values from [Z, Z2], 1index values are matched with orders of the JPEG-like zigzag pattern in the DCT block. Now two index sets To and h, each containing 2n elements, are generated using the secret key Ki as follows ... 

Rare earth element patterns for basalt and chondrite, and the chondrite-normalized basalt REE pattern. Normalization removes the zigzag pattern due to differences in odd and even atomic number abundances. The europium (Eu) anomaly in the normalized pattern is due to incorporation of extra plagiodase. 

FIGURE 2.40 Zigzag pattern of a chain polymer molecule. 

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