Ytterbium spectra! lines

YbNiSn was intensively investigated by °Yb Mossbauer spectroscopy in the paramagnetic and in the ferromagnetically ordered state (Bonville et al. 1992, Bellot et al. 1992). The 1.48 K spectrum shows hyperfine field splitting with five well-resolved lines with an experimental linewidth of about 3 mm/s (fig. 16). Due to the non-cubic ytterbium site, a quadrupolar hyperfine term with an electric field gradient is observed. In the paramagnetic phase (6K measurement) the spectrum shows two resolved lines which result from quadrupole splitting. 

Having split ytterbium and separated lutetium, the last of the REEs existing in nature, G. Urbain continued the difficult work of separating heavy rare earths. Finally, he succeeded in collecting the fraction whose optical spectrum contained new lines. This event took place in 1911 but at the time did not attract the attention of the scientific community. Perhaps Urbain himself, having suggested the name for it, was not quite sure that he had really discovered a new ele-... 

The magnetic moment of the ytterbium-vanadium complex = 1.4 jiB) indicates the presence of one unpaired d-electron. Its ESR spectrum ( 8 lines, gj - 1.982, ... 

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