Xenobiotic conjugates plants

LAMOUREUX AND RUSNESS Xenobiotic Conjugation in Higher Plants... 

Acetylated xenobiotic conjugates are not commonly formed In higher plants however, the direct or Indirect conjugation of xenoblotlca... 

Most xenobiotic conjugation reactions in plants and animals lead Initially to the fornation of polar products such as glycoside or glutathione conjugates, but several reports indicate that plants (144-148) and animals (249) may also form lipophilic conjugates. 

Most of the enzymes that catalyze the formation of xenobiotic conjugates in plants have not been well-studied. Since some conjugation reactions are involved in herbicide selectivity, it is likely that research relating to these enzymes will intensify as a result of efforts to develop herbicide resistant crops through bioengineering. Enzymes that may be useful in bioengineering for herbicide resistance are the GST enzymes, N-glucosyl transferases. 

This paper sumnarlzes the occurrence of unusual xenobiotic conjugates which are substantially Ionized In animals and plants. Such conjugates generally are deemed "unusual" either because they occur rarely or because their existences seldom are documented, often by virtue of recent discoveries. 

The fate of plant xenobiotic conjugates I.e. glycosides, malonates, N-acyl-amlno acids, alkyl/aryl glutathiones and derivatives, lipophilic conjugates and polymer conjugates (bound residues). In animals Is reviewed. Some classes are reasonably well-studied but no Information Is available for others. 

EDWARDS AND HUTSON Plant Xenobiotic Conjugates in Animals... 

Although not a plant xenobiotic conjugate, the metabolism of the glycine conjugate of salicylic acid In Isolated perfused rat kidney has been studied (22). The authors were surprised that 20-30% of the dose was hydrolyzed to salicylic acid In that organ, whereas In parallel experiments the liver did not posses this activity. 

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