Xenobiotic alcohols, acylation

The mechanism by which xenobiotic alcohols or esters are converted to fatty acid esters has not been studied. They could be formed by the action of lyase enzymes in the presence of fatty acid glyceryl esters, as in the conversion of farnesol to farnesol fatty acid esters (150). Some lipolytic acyl hydrolase enzymes from plants readily catalyze the transfer of lipid-bound fatty acids to low MW alcohol acceptors (150.151) and enzymes of this class could be responsible for the occasional formation of fatty acid conjugates of xenobiotic alcohols. Mechanisms involving fatty acid acyl CoA, phospholipids, or direct esterification with fatty acids might also be involved (1 ). 

Acylation of Xenobiotic Alcohols A Metabolic Pathway for Drug Retention... 

Acylation of xenobiotic alcohols, metabolic pathway for drug retention, 214-219... 

A very different type of reaction is represented by the conjugation of xenobiotic alcohols with fatty acids, yielding highly lipophilic metabolites accumulating in tissues. Thus, ethanol and haloethanols form esters with palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and lin-olenic acid enzymes catalyzing such reactions are cholesteryl ester synthase (EC 3.1.1.13) and fatty-acyl-ethyl-ester synthase (EC 3.1.1.67) (71). Larger xenobiotics such as tet-rahydrocannabinols and codeine are also acy-... 

The third group of xenobiotics modifications is represented by conjugations , which include acylation of alcohols, phenols, amines, amides, hydrazides, etc., with sulfuric, acetic, glucuronic, glutamic and other acids, alkylation, and other synthetic... 

---