Words shortened forms

An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word. In some cases, the individual letters are pronounced, as in ACS. 

Abbreviations and acronyms—shortened forms of words represented by capital letters... 

The two alkyl groups attached to aluminum in [(CH3)2CHCH2]2A1H are isobutyl groups. The hydrogen bonded to aluminum is named in a separate word as hydride. Thus, "dibal is a shortened form of the systematic name diisobutylaluminum hydride. 

Mole. The term mole is short for the name gram-molar-weight it is not a shortened form of the word ITIOlecule. (However, the word molecule does also derive from the word molar.)... 

Contractions are not abbreviations. Abbreviations are words which have a shortened written form only, such as (Dr doctor). By contrast, contractions have shortened forms in both the written and spoken form, so they 11, formed from the contraction of THEY and will is pronounced /dh ey 1/ and not /dh ey w ih 1/. We can state more properly that contractions are shorted spoken combinations of words, whose properties are reflected in writing conventions. The question wilh contractions is whether we should regard the contraction as one word or two. First note that the contraction isn t always simply a case of concatenating a first written form to a shortened second written form. While they 11 is created this way, won t meaning will not is not formed this way, and similarly with aint. While don t can be formed fi om the concatenation of do and not followed by the replacement of o with, phonetically the process is different in that file vowel of DO, /uw/ changes to /ow/ in don t. Furthermore, sometimes the apostrophe occurs at the place where we would break the forms (eg. they 11) but sometimes not e.g. don t would break into do and n t, not don and t). 

A final t5q)e of modified word is the shortened form where a normal word has been shortened in some way. Examples include lab (from laboratory), phone from telephone and so on. These are distinct from abbreviations in that both the written and spoken form are shortened. This is an important distinction because we assume that when an author writes lab he does in fact mean just this and if he were to speak it aloud he would say /I ae b/ not /I ax b ao r ax t ao r ill. Despite the commonality in meaning, we therefore regard lab and laboratory as two separate words. 

In ANA/AAA/IA and ABA/AAA/IA systems, the meta linkage in lA has an angular conformation (120°). The kink created by the lA monomeric unit results in entanglement and shortens the persistence length of the polymer chain. Thus, the system containing higher content of lA (in other words, lower content of ANA or ABA) should be less likely to form liquid crystallinity because the persistence ratio increases with increasing ANA or ABA content. When the content of ANA or ABA reaches a critical value, the LC phase can be formed. 

Alliteration can also be used within the text of a document. For example, alliteration in the form of three pairs of words, each pair beginning with the same letter, is used in the following sentence which appears later in this chapter Perhaps your document needs a sentence shortened, a table tightened, or a figure fixed. ... 

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