Word-level parallelism

Both word-level and bit-level parallelism should be exploited to reach the extreme throughputs which are needed in particular applications like radar processing [33]. Extensions in this direction are introduced in chapter 5. Employing the features of various arithmetic systems, such as 2 s complement and residue number systems (RNS) [42], bit-level systolic arrays can now be derived automatically. 

As argued in section 1, the throughput of word-level arrays is in several cases not sufficient. Therefore, the bit-level parallelism should also be exploited. Assume that a PE of an array processor has W words as inputs, each denoted Bi = 0,1,..., IF — 1, and are defined by ... 

Revise and edit the entire section, paying careful attention to audience (e.g., level of detail, word choice), organization, writing conventions (e.g., verb tenses, voice, personal pronouns, formatting of lists, and citations), and grammar and mechanics (e.g., parallelism, punctuation). Revise the Goals and Importance section so that the individual parts work... 

Just as words and phrases joined by and or or should be grammatically parallel, they should also be conceptually parallel, that is, the words and phrases on either side of and or or should have the same level of importance. Revising sentences with segments that are not conceptually parallel may require more work on your part instead of changing one or two words, as you would to make a sentence grammatically parallel, you may need to make more extensive changes to ensure conceptual parallelism. 

This done, consider the other layer lines on the photograph. A reciprocal lattice rotation diagram is prepared as before from the and f values of all the spots. If row lines are exhibited, then the remaining axis of the reciprocal lattice is normal to the zero-level not, as in Fig. 89 in other words, the crystals are monoclinic with their b axes parallel to the fibre axis. It is again necessary to remember that one or both reciprocal axes of the zero-level net may have to he halved to account for all the points on other levels. 

Application of a least-squares method to the linearized plots (e.g., Scatchard and Hames) is not reasonable for analysis of drug-protein binding or other similar cases (e.g., adsorption) to obtain the parameters because the experimental errors are not parallel to the y-axis. In other words, because the original data have been transformed into the linear form, the experimental errors appear on both axes (i.e., independent and dependent variables). The errors are parallel to the y-axis at low levels of saturation and to the x-axis at high levels of saturation. The use of a double reciprocal plot to determine the binding parameters is recommended because the experimental errors are parallel to the y-axis. The best approach to this type of experimental data is to carry out nonlinear regression analysis on the original equation and untransformed data. 

A word of caution is necessary. Given the success of HPLC, it is easy to think that HPLC is always the best and most appropriate method of analysing most compounds in most samples. The good analyst must choose the best solution to each analytical problem basing the choice on the nature of the analyte, the level of accuracy and precision required, the expected numbers of samples as well as the facilities and expertise available. There is little purpose in spending months to develop a very precise assay when the sample collection procedure is imprecise or using HPLC to measure compounds more appropriately measured by an immunoassay. Even given that a problem requires a separation mode, HPLC is not always the most appropriate method for example a number of samples may be run in parallel by TLC if only qualitative information is required. 

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