Winged Migration

Winged Migration Produced by Christophe Barratier and Jacques Perrin direrted by Jacques Perrin Written by Stephane Durand and Jacques Perrin edited by Marie-Josephe Yoyotte. 

Warren, R.J., B.M. Wallace, and P.B. Bush. 1990. Trace elements in migrating blue-winged teal seasonal-, sex-, and age-class variations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9 521-528. 

They reproduce hy parthenogenesis (virgin reproduction). From about mid-May onwards, winged forms are produced which migrate to wild plants. In late summer the females return to the apple tree, where they lay their eggs. 

Larvae that undergo complete metamorphosis usually eat different food and live in different habitats than the adults of the species. This is important to remember if you want to attract beneficial insects. Generally, the adult form of beneficial species is the winged form that can migrate to your garden. These adults feed on pollen and nectar flowers. Be sure to provide a food source for them in order to... 

Those aphids which survive the summer on the hop produce winged forms, both male and female, in early September which migrate back to the damson. Here wingless females are born which lay the eggs that survive the winter. It is obviously desirable to eliminate Prunus spp., which can act as host to aphids and the prunus necrotic ringspot virus, from the vicinity of the hop garden. 

Aphids over winter as adults or as eggs on brassica host Eggs hatch in spring and aphid move to underside of leaves and shoots. Winged forms migrate from end of May to infest other crops. 

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