Williams Latin square design

Samples are presented in monadic seqnence, coded with three-digit random numbers, following a balanced rotation order (Williams Latin sqnare design) to avoid presentation order and carry-over bias. Hence, best practice requires the use of experimental designs to minimize sample presentation order bias and within-participant randomization of CATA terms. Typically, both designs will be based on Wiliams Latin square designs bnt be different in order to reflect the actual number of samples and terms used. Designs shoirld be developed to take into accoimt the number of consumers in the study. 

FIGURE 31.4 Depiction of six-treatment, six-period, William s Latin square crossover design, where P is placebo, H is high dose, M is medium dose, L is low dose, MH is medium-high dose, and ML is medium-low dose. 

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