Whisker stimulation

Esaki T, Cook M, Shimoji K, Murphy DL, Sokoloff L, Holmes A (2005) Developmental disruption of serotonin transporter function impairs cerebral responses to whisker stimulation in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci 102 5582-5587. 

Fig. 3.14 A ToF spectrum of a high purity silicon whisker in hydrogen image gas, obtained with a pulsed-laser imaging atom-probe. Below 80 K, silicon is an excellent insulator. However, the tip surface can be easily field evaporated with the stimulation of laser pulses.

Figure 4 Electrically evoked single-unit tactile responses recorded with microwire multielectrode arrays in rat hippocampus CA1, primary somatosensory cortex, and ventral posteromedial nucleus brain regions. (Upper) Raster plot of single-unit spikes before and after electrical current stimulation to whiskers. Each row is a separate trial. (Lower) Summed activity for all trials in 1-ms bins that demonstrate a response to electrical stimulation. The graphs show different latencies in firing for the three different regions. [Data reprinted from Ref. (1 3). Copyright (2007) National Academy of Sciences, U.S.]...

Favier V, Canova GR, Shrivastava SC et al (1997) Mechanical percolation in cellulose whisker nanocmnposites. Polym Eng Sci 37 1732—1739 FUpponen I (2009) PhD Thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC Fontana JD, Souza AM, Fontana CK et al (1990) Acetobacter cellulose pellicle as a temporary skin substitute. Appl Biochcan Biotechnol 24—25 253—264 Fontana JD, Franco VC, Souza SJ et al (1991) Nature of plant stimulator in the production of AcetobactCT xylinum ( Tea Fungus ) biolilm used in therapy. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 28-29 341-351... 

Four weeks after intratracheal instillation of 2 mg of respirable potassium titanate whiskers into male Wistar rats RNA extracted from LPS stimulated alveolar macrophages expression of IL-la was increased (Tsuda et al. 1996,1997). The expression of IL-la mRNA was by fibres was greatest in potassium octatitanate whisker > UICC crocidolite > UICC chrysotile > refractory ceramic fibre-instilled rat alveolar macrophages. The levels of IL-la and TNF-a mRNA in alveolar macrophages (expressed in their ratio to P-actin) peaked at 1 month and 3 days after exposure to octatitanate, respectively. 

Delphi Electronics... thanks for the many stimulating discussions and insights. To Larry Palmer, my colleague at IBM Server Group, whose skill and initiatives produced many of the FIB microstructural cross section so useful in advancing the knowledge base on Sn-whisker formation and growth. 

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