Wetting, spreading and adhesion

A. W. Newmann, in Wetting, Spreading, and Adhesion, J. F. Padday, ed.. Academic Press, New York, 1978. 

I. B. Ivanov, B.V. Toshev and B.P.R. Radoev. On the Thermodynamics of Contact Angles. Line Tension and Wetting Phenomena in Wetting, Spreading and Adhesion, J.F. Padday. Ed., Academic Press (1978) p, 37. 

Surfactants find apphcation in almost all disperse systems that are utilised in areas such as paints, dyestulfs, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, fibres, and plastics. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the physical chemistry of surface-active agents, their unusual properties, and their phase behaviour is essential for most formulation chemists. In addition, an understanding of the basic phenomena involved in the application of surfactants, such as in the preparation of emulsions and suspensions and their subsequent stabilisation, in microemulsions, in wetting, spreading and adhesion, is vitally important to arrive at the correct composition and control of the system involved [1, 2]. This is particularly the case with many formulations in the chemical industry mentioned above. 

Actions of the superficial interphase phenomena of wetting, spreading, and adhesions on a border of oligomer filler... 

Assuming that no surface electrification is involved, the above group of equations are the basic thermodynamic relations for describing the equilibrium contact angle and wetting phenomena. In so far as details of molecular structure of the substances and surfaces play an important part, these purely thermodynamic equations would not be expected to suffice to permit us to describe the wetting, spreading, and adhesion of liquids on solids. 

I 7 7 Role of Surfactants in Wetting, Spreading and Adhesion If the dipoles are freely rotating,... 

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