Watershed relief

Swamp ecosystems are placed both in watershed and subordinate relief positions. The elevated content of metals is monitored in the latter case (Table 14). 

Pickle, J.D., 1985, Dynamics of clastic sedimentation and watershed evolution within a low-relief karst drainage basin. Mammoth Cave Region, Kentucky, MS Thesis, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 147 pp. 

The upper portion of the watershed is a broad, open swale that changes into a narrow V shaped gorge toward the lower end (Figure 2). Total rehef in the upper part of the valley is about 40 feet in the gorge the valley has a relief of over 100 feet. The long profile of the stream bed and two cross-sections of the watershed are shown in Figure 3. 

The DEM is created from SRTM data. The relief setting of the watershed is an indicator of runoff/recharge potential. The terrain slope is nsed to estimate the transmission loss, since channel slope affects the depth and duration of inundation. 

Flood-control technology deals with the myriad techniques that can be employed to deal with water that overflows stream banks, thereby leading to deaths and injuries, property and crop damage, and severe erosion. The magnitude of the flood damage varies considerably, as it depends on the duration of the storm and the amount of precipitation. Each watershed has different physical features, such as size, slope, basin relief, impoundments, flood history, soil types, and drainage characteristics. 

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