Water Has Unique Properties

In wine, there is wisdom. In heer, there is strength. In water, there is bacteria. 

Water is not just simple H2O, but a unique and complicated material with distinct and varied chani-cal properties (Buswell and Rodebush, 1976). Water is denser as a liquid than as a solid, thus allowing life to be maintained beneath the frozen surface of the bodies of water. This property also causes the death of BU when water internal to the BU freezes, expands, and mechanically disrupts the structure of the BU. 

Water also has a high heat capacity, or specific heat. That means that water requires a relatively large amount of heat to raise its temperature, and a large amount of heat must be extracted to cool it. This property helps BU to maintain its thermal equilibrium despite sometimes rapid changes in environmental temperature. Many heat transfer processes are described by exponentially changing tan-perature with time (Sections 2.7 and 4.2.3) water produces a relatively long thermal time constant. 

In an ordinary unassociated liquid such as benzene, the molecules flow by each other by sliding around one another. In water, because of the hydrogen bonds that must be broken before any flow can occur, the motion is rolling rather than sliding. This property gives watCT a relatively low viscosity and makes the pumping of water by BU (for example, the flow of blood in the heart, the flow of water in the hydra, or the movement of water in plants) mnch less energy intensive than it could otherwise be. 

Cellular BU contain a soup of proteins, salts, and other molecules and ions in a water matrix. The water often forms hydrates by surrounding these molecules with water molecules that collect into crystalline cages. This has several consequences first, it separates ions from each other and allows 

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