Water Analysis and Treatment

For control of scaling, corrosion, and algae and bacterial growth, the cooling tower water supply must be analyzed and properly tteated. Water analysis covers three areas water hardness, alkalinity and detection of inerts. 

With respect to total hardness, makeup water can be classified as follows  

Alkalinity is a measure of the concentration of all electrolytes that give basic reaction when hydrolyzed in water, i.e., salts of strong bases and weak acids (hydrates, carbonates, bicarbonates, phosphates, silicates, borates, sulfites, etc.). Chlorides and sulfates do not contribute to alkalinity. The 

Sometimes the alkalinity is reported as cc of the acid (HC1 or H2S04) used for the titration of 100 cc of water. To convert to ppm of CaC03, use the following relationship  

The number of cc s of 0.1 N acid used for titration of 100 cc of water is frequently referred to as millivalents. 

---

Herren-Freund SL, Pereira MA. 1987. The carcinogenicity of organic chemicals found in drinking water. Proceedings Water Quality Technology Conference, Volume Date 1986, 14 (Advances in Water Analysis and Treatment) 485-500. 

Bruchet, A., Bemazeau, F, Baudin, I., and Eieronne, E 1998. Algal toxins in surface waters analysis and treatment. Water Supply 16,619-624. 

Norwood DL, Michael LC, Cooper SD, et al. 1986. An application ofthe "Master Analytical Scheme" to influent and effluent wastewaters. In Advances in water analysis and treatment. Proceedings of Water Quality Technology Conference, Portland, OR, November, 365-386. 

---