Wastewater, agricultural sewage

Linear alkylbenzenesulfonate showed no deleterious effect on agricultural crops exposed to this material (54,55). Kinetics of biodegradation have been studied in both wastewater treatment systems and natural degradation systems (48,57,58). Studies have concluded that linear alkylbenzenesulfonate does not pose a risk to the environment (50). Linear alkylbenzenesulfonate has a half-life of approximately one day in sewage sludge and natural water sources and a half-life of one to three weeks in soils. Aquatic environmental safety assessment has also shown that the material does not pose a hazard to the aquatic environment (56). 

However, an issue of concern is the relatively high level of alkylphenolic compounds in both water and sediment upstream of known sources of pollution (WWTPs). The concentrations of total alkylphenolic compounds (APEO, AP and APEC) ranged from 5 to 15 jxg L-1 in water and from 0.075 to 0.55 xg g-1 in sediments, and may be attributed mainly to two origins. One is the use of sewage sludge in agriculture and the other is the uncontrolled discharge of industrial wastewaters in the upper course of the river. 

Development of extraction conditions for LAS was performed using sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, and agricultural soil from a field which had been used for disposal of sewage sludge several months prior to... 

Singh, K.P., Mohan, D., Sinha, S., Dalwani, R., 2004. Impact assessment of treated/untreated wastewater toxicants discharged by sewage treatment plants on health, agricultural, and environmental quality in the wastewater disposal area. Chemosphere 55, 227-255. 

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