Volumetric Properties of Ternary Aqueous Solutions with Alkali Metal Citrates

Aliy(wt 7) functions behave similarly, they have positive values irrespectively of concentration of citrate and what citrate is considered. Initially, they decrease with temperature until the minimum value at near 60 °C, and then increase. The curvature of the products/wt 7) is concave upward f(m T) 0). The indicative parameter AJ(m T)=J m T)-J 0 T). is always negative and the curvature of curves is concave downward the extremal values of it are shifted to lower 

7 Volumetric Properties of Ternary Aqueous Solutions with Alkali Metal Citrates 

Actually, in the listed above investigations, three component systems were treated as the pseudo-binary systems by regarding solutions of water (l)+citrate (2) or water (1)+component (3) as solvents. Thus, in determinations of F2 or values, the density of pure water was replaced by the corresponding densities of (1+2) or (1 + 3) solutions and the apparent molar volumes are defined as for binary solutions 

However, this is unsatisfactorily description of volumetric properties of citrate solutions considering that both components which are dissolved in water are in comparable and macroscopic quantities. In such cases, the over-all change in the volume of solutions is better represented by using the mean apparent molar volume, 23, where water continue to be solvent and then [189] 

Since behaviour of the F2 3 =fC/w. ) and F2 =g(7) functions is similar, it is possible to replace by the ionic strength of solution, I=6m +m. However, the use of is preferable, considering that for dtiates usually we iWe I m which leads to reduction of concentration scales in figures. As can be observed, in all cases of strong electrolytes, with increasing the expected order of the mean apparent molar volumes is achieved only for dilute solutions. In concentrated solutions, values are even larger than 

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