Voice present perfect

When citing others works to establish importance or provide background information, authors often use present tense or present perfect in either active or passive voice. 

Lastly, we briefly consider verb tense and voice used in move 2. As shown in table 12.5, past and present tenses and present perfect may all be used. Past tense and present perfect are used to provide background information (work done in the past), typically in passive voice. Passive voice allows the writer to focus on the science rather than the scientist ... 

We close our discussion of move 3 by analyzing common verb tense and voice combinations used in this move (table 12.6). Gaps are often stated in present tense (in active and passive voice), sometimes in combination with a present perfect-passive statement fill-the-gap statements are usually in present or future tense and active voice. Personal pronouns (I or we) are common in fill-the-gap statements. 

We end this section by examining a few commonly used verb tense—voice combinations in move 1. As shown in table 13.3, prior accomplishments are typically written in active voice in either past tense or present perfect. Statements that establish expertise are typically written in present tense. 

We end this section by examining a few commonly used verb tense-voice combinations in move 2 (table 13.5). Present perfect is commonly used to describe preliminary work (done in the past) present tense is commonly used to share preliminary findings (believed to be true over time). Active voice is also common. Note that because authors want to call attention to their own promising results in this move, personal pronouns such as we or our are often used. 

We conclude our discussion of move 3 by considering verb tense and voice combinations commonly used in this move (summarized in table 14.5). Present tense, present perfect, and future tense are used to reiterate goals. Future tense is used most often to state broader impacts. Active voice is common throughout the move, and personal pronouns (e.g., we and our) may be used at the authors discretion. 

---