Viscoelasticity polymeric materials

The slip of viscoelastic polymeric materials (and flow instabilities) was reviewed in detail by Denn (6). Apparent slip at the wall was observed with highly entangled linear polymers, but not with branched polymers or linear polymers with insufficient numbers of... 

There are many ways to fabricate and model viscoelastic polymeric materials [22-32]. Fabrication often involves nonlinear flows that are spatially inhomogeneous, nonisothermal, and temporally complex. The flows also may involve material phase changes, and/or a wide range (1-5 decades) of strains and strain rates. Rheology is often the bridge between resin design and fabrication performance, and remains an active area of research [22]. 

As previously indicated, the mathematical relationships describing the stress-deformation behavior of viscoelastic polymeric materials are known as constitutive equations. Different classifications have been given for these types of equations [12, 33-36]. Here, a classification is given from a mathematical point of view, similar to that... 

The mechanisms for impact attenuation are complex however, the consistent and synergistic function of helmet components is critical for systematic head protection. The use of viscoelastic polymeric materials for sports helmets provides the essential... 

The vibrational characteristics of viscoelastic polymeric materials are influenced strongly by the molecular structure, average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and polar structure, and by the shape of the particle, particle diameter, and surface structure of added fillers. When stress and strain are added to a polymeric material, vibration damping... 

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