Growth vapor-liquid-solid

Trentler T J ef a/1995 Solution-liquid-solid growth of orystalline lll-V semioonduotors an analogy to vapor-liquid-solid growth Science 270 1791... 

Figure 10.2. Vapor-liquid-solid growth of semiconductor nanowires.

Trentler, T. J. Hickman, K. M. Goel, S. C. Viano, A. M. Gibbons, P. C. Buhro, W. M. 1995. Solution-liquid-solid growth of crystalling III-V semiconductors—an analogy to vapor-liquid-solid growth. Science 270 1791-1794. 

The VLS technique has probably attracted most attention. Essentially this is an extension of that used by Wagner and Ellis to grow the original Si whiskers, which were themselves nanowires. Vapor-liquid-solid growth of... 

Vapor-liquid-solid growth A vapor to liquid to solid phase transformation, the most common way to grow whiskers. 

The most important nanomaterial synthesis methods include nanolithography techniques, template-directed syntheses, vapor-phase methods, vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) methods, solution-liquid-solid (SLS) approaches, sol-gel processes, micelle, vapor deposition, solvothermal methods, and pyrolysis methods [1, 2]. For many of these procedures, the control of size and shape, the flexibility in the materials that can be synthesized, and the potential for scaling up, are the main limitations. In general, the understanding of the growth mechanism of any as-... 

R. S. Wagner and W. C. Ellis, Vapor-liquid-solid mechanism of single crystal growth, Appl. Phys. Lett., 4,1964, 89-90... 

In all of these processes it is possible to increase the yield of whiskers by adding metallic impurities, and the sublimation process requires such additions. The vapor—liquid—solid (VLS) growth mechanism is often thought to be involved. 

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