Vanadium Hydr oxides

Vanadium fonns several relatively stable compounds with oxygen and hydrogen, which differ in their degree of oxidation (4-3 to 4-5), degree of hydration, and crystallographic structure. They show substantial solubility in water and are beyond the scope of the present book. PZCs/IEPs of VjO, arc presented in Table 3.1104. 

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Interferences with arsenic adsorption and ion exchange Dissolved organics and anions may interfere with arsenic adsorption and ion exchange in both natural environments and water treatment systems. In some cases, chemical species directly compete with arsenic for adsorption sites. They may also desorb and replace arsenic. Vanadium is one element that could interfere with the adsorption of arsenic onto mineral surfaces. In most cases, vanadium is not abundant in water. However, alkaline (pH 7.0-8.8) groundwaters in the loess aquifers of La Pampa, Argentina contain up to 12mgL 1 of vanadium (Smedley et al., 2005). The vanadium readily hinders the sorption of As(V) onto iron (III) (oxy)(hydr)oxides (Chapter 3). 

Baldovino-Medrano VG, Farin B, Gaigneaux EM. Establishing the role of graphite as a shaping agent of vanadium-aluminum mixed (hydr)oxides and their physicochemical properties and catalytic functionalities. ACS Catalysis. 2012 2(3) 322-336. 

Naeem, A., Westerhoff, P. and Mustafa, S., Vanadium removal by metal (hydr)oxide adsorbents. Water Res., 41, 1596, 2007. 

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