Vanadium compartment cell

In this cell, the copper compartment contains a copper electrode and [Cu2+] = 1.00 M, and the vanadium compartment contains a vanadium electrode and V2 + at an unknown concentration. The compartment containing the vanadium (1.00 L of solution) was titrated with 0.0800 M HjEDTA2-, resulting in the reaction... 

Henry and Van Lierde developed a three-compartment cell equipped with an reticulated vitreous carbon cathode mixed with ion-exchange resin and two Ti—Pt anodes separated by a Daramic diaphragm to selectively separate the vanadium from molybdenum (Henry Van Lierde, 1998). In this designed membrane reactor, the pentavalent vanadyl anion was selectively desorbed with respect to molybdenum after its reduction to a tetravalent vanadyl cation. Consequently, 93% vanadium recovery yields were obtained. 

In this cell, the copper compartment contains a copper electrode and [Cu ] = 1.00 Af, and the vanadium compartment contains... 

Vanadate transport in the erythrocyte was shown to occur via facilitated diffusion in erythrocyte membranes and was inhibited by 4,4 -diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid (DIDS), a specific inhibitor of the band 3 anion transport protein [23], Vanadium is also believed to enter cells as the vanadyl ion, presumably through cationic facilitated diffusion systems. The divalent metal transporter 1 protein (called DMT1, and also known as Nramp2), which carries iron into cells in the gastrointestinal system and out of endosomes in the transferrin cycle [24], has been proposed to also transport the vanadyl cation. In animal systems, specific transport protein systems facilitate the transport of vanadium across membranes into the cell and between cellular compartments, whereas the transport of vanadium through fluids in the organism occurs via binding to proteins that may not be specific to vanadium. 

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