Vacuoles, calcification

In mice, hepatocellular vacuolization, cardiac mineralization, lung congestion, and testicular calcification and atrophy were reported (lARC, 1990). 

It appears that, in most cases, the deposition of CaCOj by invertebrates is accomplished by one of three morphologically distinct systems which have common properties. The systems are (1) calcification within vesicles or vacuoles (2) extracellular calcification by single cells and (3) extracellular calcification by epithelia. We now briefly consider each of these systems in summarizing the detailed information on various invertebrate groups given on pp. 71-87. 

Intracellular calcification within vesicles, or in vacuoles within syncytia, is present in a wide variety of tissues in every phylum examined thus far. Commonly, the calcium deposited takes the form of amorphous calcium spherules formed in vesicles associated with the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi sys-... 

Two histochemical findings are significant with respect to the alleged role of osteoblasts in bone formation the presence of glycogen vacuoles and alkaline phosphatase. (The properties of the osteoblasts will be further discussed when the mechanism of calcification is considered.) When the osteoblast is completely surrounded by the calcified matrix, it becomes an osteocyte, which is a smaller cell resembling a fibro-... 

---