Utricularia

Lefcort H. (1996). Adaptive, chemically mediated fright response in tadpoles of the Southern Leopard frog, Rana utricularia. Copeia 2, 455-459. 

Yeung, G.L. 1978. The influence of lead, an environmental pollutant on metamorphosis of Rana utricularia (Amphibia Ranidae). Arkansas Acad. Sci. Proc. 32 83-86. 

Amphibians Southern leopard frog, Rana utricularia-, green <0.01 mg/kg FW whole body, less skin and 3... 

Alkaloids have not been recorded for the family. Of nine species lested here, Utricularia firmula was positive, and U. aurea, U. meli-culata, U. stellaris, U transrugosa, U. vulgaris, and three undetermined Utricularia species were negative. 

Aquatic macrophytes have been found to bioconcentrate methylmercury in almost direct proportion to the mercury concentration in the water (Ribeyre et al. 1991). Mortimer (1985) reported bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for several species of submerged aquatic plants exposed to inorganic mercury in laboratory aquaria of 3,300, 1.3, 0.9, and 1.3 for Utricularia, Ceratophyllum, Najas, and Nitella, respectively. The concentrations factor used by this author was based on g g"1 dry weight in the plant/ g mL 1 water day "1. 

In Rana temporaria, the anionic charge is carried by Kdn, and also by sulfate and glucuronic acid (Fig. 8). In Rana utricularia, traces of NeuSAc were characterized and the presence of glucuronic acid and sulfate has been confirmed. On the basis of these results, it remains impossible to correlate the presence of these acidic sugars with the taxonomy and phylogeny of amphibians. 

Utricularia minor-. This little-known plant in the family Lentibuiariaceae was recently reported to be highly intoxicating. Among the residents of the Himalayan province of Ladakh, India, roasted leaves of this plant are steeped in water, then buried for 10—15 d ys underground in a sealed bottle. Little is known about this drug plant, but it is reputed to be extremely toxic as well— deaths have been reported Navchoo Buth 1990). 

Damtoft S, Jnsen SR, Nielsen BJ (1985) Iridoid glucosides from Utricularia australis and Pinguicula vulgaris (lentibulariaceae). Phytoehtanistry 24 2281—2283... 

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