Uterine nuclei

G. Leclercq, N. Hulin, and J. C. Heuson, Interaction of activated estradiol-receptor complex and chromatin in isolated uterine nuclei, Eur. J. Cancer 9, 681-685 (1973). 

Fig. 4. Dependency of RNA synthesis on DNA, as measured by incorporation of UTP- C into RNA of uterine nuclei from castrated rats, treated with estrogen. Incubation for 10 minutes at 37°C. From Taubert and Ilan (1967).

Nkarest-Neighbor Nucleotide of UMP in 2p.R,NA Synthesized Bv Rat Uterine Nuclei... 

Thus, the concept that estrogens may exert their stimulatory action on the uterus by activation of RNA synthesis has been developed by several lines of biochemical investigation. The evidence includes the observation that estrogen stimulation leads quickly to an increase in the rate of incorporation of precursors into RNA with the initial increase noted in the nuclear fraction of RNA, that RNA polymerase activity in uterine cells is enhanced by estrogen stimulation, that Rie nucleotide sequence of RNA synthesized by uterine nuclei is altered by estrogen, and that specific inhibitors of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis prevent the stimulatory action of estrogen. 

Taubert, H., and Ilan, J. (1967). Ribonucleic acid polymerase activity in isolated uterine nuclei from cow and rat. Unpublished data. 

Trachewsky, D., and Segai., S. J. (1967). Selective stimulation of ribonucleic acid synthesis in uterine nuclei by estradiol-17. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comtnun. 27, 588-594. 

Q12 Oestrogens are involved in regulation of menstrual cycle, development of secondary sex characteristics in females and changes in the uterine lining. It affects the metabolism of minerals, carbohydrate, protein and lipid. Oestrogen crosses the cellular membrane and binds to receptors in the nucleus these receptors are present in both males and females. In females they are located... 

Hamilton [77] expanded Mueller s model thanks to the development of adequate techniques for separating nuclear from cytoplasmic uterine fractions. The sequence of events in the uteri of ovariectomized rats after the administration of estradiol-17 jS can be summarized as follows The injected hormones quickly pass the cellular and nuclear membranes, and within minutes after injection a small but consistent fraction of the hormone binds to the nucleus, where it is believed to stimulate the biosynthesis of nuclear RNA. It is not clear which type of RNA is stimulated first, but Hamilton believes that it is chromosomal and ribo-somal RNA. In any event, new messenger must be formed at some time in the sequence because the population of polyribosomes increases in the cytoplasm. 

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