Useful Relations Derived from Sets of Step Equilibria

Useful Relations Derived from Sets of Step Equilibria 

This is the sum of all forms of M assumed to be present. This is called the material balance on M (or, indirectly, the mass balance). The fraction in the form of the free aquo ion is then 

From the equilibrium expressions of set (5-1) we can substitute for each ratio in (8-1) an expression in terms of [L] just as in the a derivations in Chapter 5  

For certain purposes, it is useful to put in the a expressions and get general expressions in terms of [L]. We use the symbols for overall constants (e.g., 3 = K1K2K3). We have 

Multiply both sides by the right denominator and collect terms in powers of [L] to get 

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